I am looking at the failure of Hoan bridge (2000) and I repeatedly see "Hoan detail" being mentioned. I understand this is a gusset plate connection that led to the failure of Hoan bridge, but I am unsure what it is exactly. What connections characterizes as a Hoan detail? Do we still use them...
I cannot imagine how a stirrup in an open U girder would look like. Would it also be just an open bar? How would a stirrup with 3 or 4 legs be placed into an open U girder section? I would really appreciate if anyone had any diagrams or reference to a textbook.
