We are rehabilitating an existing underground transformer vault in a sidewalk. Part of the top slab of the vault is a removable 8" (or 9") thick 1-way concrete slab (7.5ft span) with a 4ftx4ft aluminum double-leaf access hatch (Bilco). The 5.5" deep support shelf of the hatch needs to be...
I have a 5.5m column from the footer to the top of the building. It is connected to a ringbeam thats extending from the building. This column and ringbeam is for a patio. How do I brace the both of them?
