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i have used bx-1100, a lot, and over some real crap. i've never been deeper than 2 feet of crushed stone, but it would be isolated layers. can't you build on top of the 8" & grid that's out there... seems like such a waste to demo it. if it's pumping and rutting now, it will be pure goose s##t...

Ok... i have to admit that i've only tried to drive a pin in compacted ABC a few times and all without success. so i am not qualified to criticize it. all i've ever tested is hard granite-based ABC stone. with the ABC stone i've worked on, you have a hard enough time making the "undisturbed"...

make sure to check out the other threads on this topic if you haven't already... i remember there was a good link to a federal highway study on rockeries Advanced search "rockeries" also this thread has the link (if this works) thread255-186861

make sure you're using the right equipment, there are Nukes that do the top 2" in Backscatter (BS) mode (these are called thin lift nukes and are for asphalt) and there are nukes that scan the top 6" in BS mode. it's true that the surface compaction affects this reading greater than the base...

fine clayey SILTs can be very tricky. in the region i worked previously (area between mountains and sea of NC of USA), the standard operation was: 1. Field observation --- "It's a Clay" 2. Lab testing follows --- "ok, so it's a Silt." my gut reaction is assume all "field observed clays" are...

In USA, each State has a permitting process for stormwater management (or at least all the states i've worked in). A permit is issued by the state. Anyone can go to a State website and download adobe pdf files of permitted projects. There must be thousands out permitted commercial site plans...

side note.. avoid using the word "undercut" unless you're talking about unsuitable soils that must be undercut and then backfilled with structural soil. i believe you are talking about "excavation" for a 2.5' deep strip footing which is most likely designed for frost protection. Ignoring the...

If confinement is playing a major factor, it will show itself by good density testing procedures. if using a nuke gauge (a sand-cone would also work, but don't try to test sands with a drive tube Hahaha), take density testing at different probe penetrations. With surface testing (no probe...

What's the application? a sieve analysis has to be the most simple for knowing general info about sand vs. clay proportional breakdown in a bulk sample, but i can't say if it is appropriate. i too have no idea what the SE test is? feel free to educate

is the Geotechnical Engineer who did the preliminary soils report the same as the Geotechnical Engineer running the show on the testing side during construction? Which of the two rejected it? And by rejecting it, was it based on field observations of what's in the trucks by someone on-site...

ppars, if you work in the USA, there may be some free state design guides too. Some state departments of transportation adopt the AASHTO pavement design book and publish their own requirements which are very.. very.. similar. In Vermont, we bought that book, and then i discovered that all the...

saw a similar clusterf##k go down where a multi-story building addition was lowered maybe 2" inches to save the footings because all of the anchor bolts were set low (TOF was surveyed low for the 1st footing and it became a horrible "benchmark"). all the columns were fabricated so the 2" had to...

i agree with francesca about little excesses never come up. they just magically disappear. also, what about suitable/unsuitable fill soils? raising the whole site will require more suitable soils for the areas where you need it. it's possible that you only have enough of the good stuff right...

wudn't me [angel]

msucog, you haven't explored emoticons well. may i suggest: [curse] [soapbox] [banghead] [hairpull3] [cannon] another thing i was thinking about.. The blocks play a major part too. For complicated walls with a lot of junk in them, we specify "Large Modular Segmental Retaining Wall Units" i...

we've had the manufacturer supplied wall engineer incorporate a primary stormwater member, a sewer manhole, a sewer line, and fence posts into their design for the same 14' wall we put on our Civil plan. Another time i have required planting beds. This was done in the submittal process. i...

i would not expect the state board to act based on this information, unless he already has a record. i don't suppose it wouldn't hurt to ask if there has been any disciplinary action(s) against his license. in my state (Vermont, USA), you can find this out easily on the internet. don't forget...

i've tried to find similar information, for preventative reasons. haven't found any recommendations for what the maximum slope you can put soil on an EPDM liner is, but anyway... this link contains a lot of code references. there isn't a smoking gun in it. but it references a lot of different...

"Letting the fabricator deal with the type welds you need is not always good enough. The designer should require the welds to be shown on the shop drawings for review. " i agree on both. let me clarify. i was speaking about whether or not to call out the gap size on the flagging. i would...

A good general book is "Building Construction Illustrated 2nd edition" by Francis DK Ching. it won't help you with the question you pose, but it is a good general book for the whole project. i imagine you'll want to know about the rest of the construction and this is a good starting point for...