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I work with several "old school" power engineers, all are very good utility engineers. Many use 1HP=1KVA for calculating ampacity. For instance; a 4160V plant bus has 6650HP worth of motors, they assume 6650Hp=6650KVA for estimating current. This omits motor eff, and power factor. Any...

Does anyone know if bollards in a eletric utility substation must be grounded. The Bollards are 4 inch diameter steel pipes filled with concrete, which are used as a protective barriers for equipment. There is an extensive ground grid in the sub to which the bollards are not currently...

Thanks for the info. And no, its not a homework problem. I assume I would use the LV value? hence that would provide the total available fault current? I'm a T-line engineer trying to assist some overworked substation co-workers!

How do I determine the available fault current for a 100MVA xfmr base rating: 230KV delta/26KV wye with 7.5% impediance?