There's a very interesting article in the Transmission & Distribution World magazine, Dec 2001 on high-speed bus protection. The design requires 100ms clearing to avoid a serious safety hazard and extensive damage to the switchgear, particularly when adequate arc containment or venting was not...
Also try IEEE Standard C37.102-1995 (R2001) "IEEE Guide for AC Generator Protection." This document provides "A review of the generally accepted forms of relay protection for the synchronous generator and its excitation system is presented. This guide is primarily concerned with...
The classic book by C. Russell Mason "The Art and Science of Protective Relaying" explains the Buchholz relay. This can be found on page 228 (Gas Accumulator and Pressure Relays) of: http://www.geindustrial.com/industrialsystems/pm/notes/artsci/art11.pdf