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Yet another way to achieve what you want to do is copy the entire file onto the clipboard (ctrl-A, ctrl-C) Edit, paste special, values only Paste into a new spreadsheet You will get a spreadsheet that has only values (with no formulas). This, I feel, is the simplest way to...

Regarding micropiles/minipiles: I have used micropiles of 6 or 8" dia for taking vertical loads. But unfortunately the ones used by me could take very less or almost zero horizontal load or bending moment. This is because they had a single centrally placed rebar and a thin steel sleeve for...

MPHenry, In most cases, people don't like to rely upon the passive resistance as the sole means of resisting the lateral forces. This is because the passive pressure is not fully mobilised unless there is a large lateral movement of the member (the raft in this case) & in turn of the soil...

Scofie, (First, I clarify that I don't have real p-y type lateral behaviour software with me in India. Here we tend to use lower-end software like STAAD which gives only linear springs in the available version.) If you are using a program that uses p-y type load-deformation characteristics of...

1. Codes I know best are Indian Standards. Indian code on the subject says "The safe lateral load on a pile is that corresponding to a deflection of 5 mm at ground level". The reason for this spec is not given by them. 2. The allowable deflection can be different for diff structures as...