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Do you have much experience with using a mounded toe excavated back into the slope to avoid obstruction of flow on top of the bank? If so, do you know of any good examples I may find online, and what your experience with them has been?

Thank you for the good response. I have read USACE 1601, but was hoping to find a case study or construction info of the "toe-down" type where a trench is dug. But I like you said, it's probably too difficult to attempt in the wet. Thanks for the informative response.

If constructing underwater or construction “in the wet”, does anyone know if there are guidelines to when to excavate and construct a “trench toe”? I’m looking in an area that can be as deep as 15 feet below sea level. The trench toe (launchable riprap toe) would be excavated under the toe of...

Ryb01 - excellent response/advice. thanks.

regarding soil cement....i'm looking into it. the advantages of uses it over riprap, and does it look like concrete or soil? questions i'm looking into.

well, thanks to all. yes, rock can be somewhat aesthetically pleasing, but not as much if a soil bioengineering or combination of one is available. Also, debatable on the "very environmentally friendly" if the rock provides little benefit to the aquatic life when compared to something else...

For high storm events - 100yr event. Urban area. Shear stress on ave 2 lb/ft^2. flood control. to prevent scouring/erosion from happening at the bridge. any other examples besides rock that could be used...something a bit more pleasing aesthetically, or more friendly to the environment?

Any suggestions to protect the banks under a bridge besides a hard-armor treatment measure? with little to no sunlight, soil bioengineering techniques won't really be possible. any other suggestions?

I'm trying to convert Google Earth elevations to NAVD88. Google Earth uses WGS84 EGM96

It could be, but the problem is that the data is showing that it's rising up and not down. :) ................

Thank you. You're right, I didn't understand, but understand now. Thanks.

Thanks for the response. I'm mainly trying to figure out the difference in the DEM data of today (1' contours), which is about 8 to 10 ft off from elevations on plans from 1935 at the exact same location. Since no datum was given, I'm a bit lost as to what someone else might do. I'm not sure...

I was hoping someone may be able to help me understand elevations that I have from an area on the island of Kauai in Hawaii. I have elevation information from 1935 with no datum indicated. The same location using USGS info indicates a difference of 8 to 10 feet less than the plans dated in...

Are there cost-effective advanced sediment control technologies that are useful in San Diego, CA with regards to the new RWQCB Order coming out stating, "...the types of BMPs that are required to be implemented at construction sites. Differences in the BMP requirements from Order No. 2001-01...