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The replacement depends on the client’s requirement and/or the applicable codes and standards. (mainly in low temperature service as well as SSC and SCC environment) Please refer the following code and standard. 1. NACE MR 0175, Section 6 Bolting. 2. ASME Section VIII Div.1 Fig.UCS 66, General...

The following materials are recommended above -290 deg.F. ASTM C534 ; Preformed Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Thermal Insulation ASTM C552 ; Cellular Glass Thermal Insulation ASTM C534 ; Unfaced Preformed Rigid Cellular Polyurethane Thermal Insulation Additionally, Perlite ; above -150 deg.F...

Roughness for stainless steels is very important factor in Polymer/power handling or semi-conductor process systems. As higher roughness, the flow of fluid is more difficult and the fluid may be easily deposited on the metal surface. To prevent the problems, the electopolishing treatment is...

As mentioned above, the most popular guide is “Caustic Soda Service Graph” in Corrosion Data Survey, NACE. Additionally some trouble shootings are very useful to understand caustic soda corrosion as following; 1. Storage tanks (1) Concentration Point of View: when the injection pipe (with...

7.6 inch thickness is not a big deal for the fabrication. At this point, it is very valuable to confirm why it is used a solid stainless steel. In general, solid stainless steels (e.g., austenitic stainless steel-300 series) are used for the following conditions; (1) corrosion service -...

FN = Ferrite Number Ferrite percent = vol% ferrite (Fe) = wt% of Fe FN = (vol% ferrite) x [-0.025813 (Fe)2 + 5.408679 (Fe) - 102.3902]/100 References 1. Welding Journal, 76(1): 24-s to 37-s, 1997 2. Welding Journal, 61(11): 352-s to 361-s, 1982 Thomas Eun

As TD2K said, ponderer did not open the leakage history sufficiently. In general, the reboiler leakage can be presumed the following root causes. 1. In Mechanical and Manufacturing Point of View (1) Wearing of the tube at baffle holes due to the tube vibration (2) Weak rolling at tubes to...

Recommended Materials; For Quick Access 1. Low corrosion environment at 500 deg.C : (1) High strength/creep required: 9Cr-1Mo-V (2) Medium strength/creep required: 9Cr-1Mo (3) Low strength/creep required: 5Cr-1/2Mo 2. Medium corrosion environment at 500 deg.C : (1) High...

Please refer the following references; 1) Metals Handbook : Volume13, Corrosion, ASM International 2) Corrosion Tables for Stainless Steels and Titanium, Jernkontoret, Sweden, 1979 3) Devereux, O.F., McEvily, A.J., Staehle, R.W., eds., Corrosion Fatigue, NACE-2, NACE, 1972 4) Fontana, M.G...

Please refer the following reference. ASM Handbook, Vol.20, Materials Selection and Design, p277 to 279, 1997 Thomas Eun/ NACE Materials Selection and Design Specialist www.natco.ab.ca thomase@natco.ab.ca thomaseun@hanmail.net

The following standards suggest the guideline of material selection, test & handling to avoid SSC, SOHIC, and hydrogen blistering (for anti-HIC). 1. NACE Standards: TM0284, TM0177( for solution of HIC test), and RP0472 2. API RP945 3. Materials and fabrication practices for new pressure vessels...

Regardless of the total pressure and partial pressure of H2S, the following standards suggest the guideline of material selection, test & handling to avoid SSCC, SOHIC, and hydrogen blistering. 1. Materials and fabrication practices for new pressure vessels used in wet H2S refinery service...