Actually, the velocity will increase as the flow experiences pressure drop due to friction, which increases the amount of flash steam. Additionally, there is likely to be a critical(sonic) flow at the header exit.
Please ignore the quoted post. The header at 15 m needs to be pressurized to about 1.5 bar(a)(by a downstream CV) to prevent flashing. This increases the back pressure of traps. Trap supplier needs to confirm adequate flow at back pressure of about 2.5 bar(g), which may be possible with some...
If it is possible to connect the pump discharge point to the header at ground level then due to cooler pump discharge flow, the temperature of mixture will reduce after the connection and this may prevent flashing of steam in the vertical leg(15 m) and thereafter. This will greatly reduce the...
The static pressure rises at impellers due to the following effects:
1. Centrifugal effect
The energy imparted to water at the impeller partly increases the water velocity and partly increases the static pressure. This energy increase is reflected in static pressure rise.
2. Passage diffusion...
I have used these types of pipes in large numbers for power plant circulating water systems. The max pipe OD was more than 60 in and the piping was fabricated in local shops using SAW.
The most difficult task was to hydro-test the spools for which a special rig was erected at the site. For a...
Additional points:
1. The downstream compressors needs to be checked for additional flow and flow instability (surges etc).
2. The throat velocity at the valve needs to be checked to determine the possibility of erosion. It is better to install a recovery turbine which may generate about 750 kW...
Could not locate the SIF for reducers in B31.3 -2002 (referenced in the document above).
However, the recently introduced B31J-2024 provides experimental methods for determining SIFs.
@r6165
I do not agree. However you can disagree as you have the right to do so even though there may be some impediment here.
I stop this here as nothing will come out of this from me more than what has already been said. Anyone can leave it or take it.
There should be no concern if PWHT temperature as well as heating and cooling rates are kept within the Code allowable range.
But please check the PWHT records (for temperature, cooling/heating) for checking conformity with the Code.
The lower critical temperature should not be reached as...
Tempering temperature can be is slightly below A1.
As per code tempering temperature can be up to 805 degree C.
But it is not clear what are you looking at or what is your objective. Why do you want to increase the PWHT temperature?
Referring to Fig MA1 Fig1.6, the weld type indicated by OP may not be covered by code.
Also, Type C( bolted dished end ) connection needs to meet additional requirements of weld due to bolt forces and moments, refer MA1, Cl. 1.6.
1. PWHT is applied to increase toughness and to reduce the hardness. This improves ductility, especially in the HAZ. If there is high hardness, steel may be brittle, which may give rise to cracks due to thermal cycles or dynamic loads.
2.
It is better to follow code requirements as these...
Assuming the condensate pump and trap discharges will ultimately discharge to an atmospheric tank, what is the pipe length downstream of the trap till the tank? The pressure drop in 2 phase flow may be significant
Please see VIII-1 MA1 Fig 1.6 for permissible types of bolted dished cover joints.
Please ignore Mandatory Appendix 2(Flanges), Fig 2-4 shown above as it is for bolted piping joints (apologies).
