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Thanks for the answer. Ok, I see the mix up. This is for myself.

Hi. I have looked into many P&IDs, list of symbols etc. Haven't found what I was thinking of (maybe wrong, trivial, too basic, who knows [shadeshappy] ), besides I'm a little confused about some things. Well here it is the, kind of, P&ID of DHW production(please notice that I omitted many...

Absurd, cannot happen.

Maybe the solution could be just a three way mixing valve electronically controled(such as those used for adjusting at will the distribution temperature of DHW) maintaining 50οC at the outlet? This way heat pump always sees the same flow rate and same ΔΤ.

Thanks for both answers. Will look into it, I'm seeing a lot of new questions on the way[shadeshappy] It's a geothermal heat pump (evaporator exchanges with vertical closed loop). The thing is that constant flow rate at the primary has been put as a non-negotiable prerequisite. Regarding...

Hello. We say that heat pumps function with a ΔΤ of 5°. Let's say we want to heat fresh water entering our storage tank at 15°C (as it comes from the water main) to 54°C at a flow rate of 0,8m³/h (our secondary circuit). The primary circuit should have a ΔΤ of 5°. Roughly, by energy balance we...

Thank you. Right (it is also stated in "HYDRONIC HEATING AND COOLING" (ASHRAE Handbook Systems and Equipment)).

About Caleffi both editions in question(no3 and no6 of idronics series) are dated back to 2008-2009. Maybe things have been reconsidered since then? In addition the current link for the data sheet of solar expansion vessels (including sizing)...

Regarding solar known manufacturers like Reflex, Caleffi etc. say in solar should be inversely. I/m still trying to find out why [bigsmile] though. Maybe something else than pump cavitation prevails (e.g. minimise pressure into the collectors which on the other hand favors evaporation combined...

i.e. I mess up the stratification. You're right! Thanks.

I meant that in solar loop the expansion tank is located at the circulator discharge.

Let me rephrase slightly a little bit, by saying that the point of connection of the expansion tank is itself the point-of-no-pressure-change and therefore in general (except for solar circuits to my knowledge) the pump suction should be located as close as possible downstream of the expansion...

Hello. Which one of these arrangements is more correct than others regarding the location of circulators in both circuits?

Thanks. p.s. Here the rule of thumb is 50 l/h·m2 of collector

Yes, it's a roof limitation. I think 8 (or 10 according to others) is the suggested maximum number of collectors connected in parallel in one string(and provided inlet and outlet are in opposite sides, when at the same side this number is lower). I am not aware of any limitation regarding the...

Hello. When having several parallel-connected collector strings of different number of collectors each (one string may have two collectors connected in parallel, another eight collectors etc.) does the use of pressure independent balancing valves at the inlet of each string(in order to ensure in...