CRSI Pile Cap Design Guide, Figure 4.3 shows minimum pile embedment and a distance to the bottom reinforcing in the pile cap. The distance to the reinforcing places it above the top of the pile. If the loading on the cap is eccentric to the pile or pile group, there will be a moment in the...
If new beams are introduced to an existing composite floor system, how are the design of the new beams and verification of existing handled? How does the introduction of the new non-composite beams affect the existing composite members?
In the paper "Evaluation and Modification of Open-Web Steel Joists and Joist Girders" (Broekmeier and Fisher), the authors account for the stresses that exist in the members due to dead load if the member is not shored when reinforcing takes place. Yet in their discussions on the welds, in...
For rough finished formed concrete surfaces, is their an accepted or specified standard on when the defect should be patched? All I could find in ACI 347 was patch the defects and tie holes. They address knocking down the fins greater than 1/2", but nothing on the size of defects that should...
Existing structure has bridge cranes suspended from the roof structure (joists). In looking at this to evaluate the joists would you consider the crane load a roof live load (Lr) or could it be considered as a live load (L)?
Reference also the definitions of the two in the ICC building codes...
Our specs for welding structural steel (buildings) have historically called for the use of E70 electrodes. Recently a contractor has requested the use of E60 for some A36 material citing "matching strength criteria". A little research reveals this is not a new concept. What are other firms...
Not sure this is the proper place to post. In Ohio building code there is a section that requires "wiring for operation and control" of some equipment to be protected to withstand 1000 degrees for 15 minutes. Is anyone familiar with a product that would meet this requirement or anyone in Ohio...
We are beginning to get into buildings with large floor loads 500-1000 psf. When looking at this as a surcharge above footings when designing the foundations, what are people using as a reduction to the allowable soil bearing at a building column? The large surcharge loads may reduce our soil...
We have a large building that will require an expansion joint. There are also plans to add on in the future, creating another expansion joint perpendicular to the first. If everything is built we would have a building split into four quadrants by the expansion joints. Has anyone done a roof...
Am I correct in saying that the live load reductions from chapter 4 of ASCE 7-05 may be used to determine "L" in the load combinations of chapter 2? Then, if looking at a combination which has a factor on the "L", this factor can then be applied to the reduced load?
Can anyone provide assistance pointing us to reference material, text books, etc. that would outline the design procedure for circular steel tank reinforcing at a pipe penetration?http://files.engineering.com/getfile.aspx?folder=5e5b64e2-c7e3-45dd-b1b4-fba6d8aeac84&file=tank.docx
Contractor has submitted a concrete mix design using a blast furnace slag as course aggregate. This is permitted in ASTM C33, but our company has no experience in using it. Any comments, information would be appreciated. Accept it? Reject it? Reasons? Break tests show proper concrete...
I know this is an old reference, but assume newer are similar. In table 8.2A on bolted wood to wood connections, there are four modes listed. I understand the parallel to grain, perpendicular to grain in the side member (parallel in main), and perpendicular to grain in main member (parallel in...
ACI 318 has a length required in a hook ("L") to develop the bar. If the full length of the hook is not available, does increasing the length of the other leg help? I am assuming that if the other leg was long enough to develop the bar I am ok, but what if conditions are somewhere in between?
For composite action between two wythes, section 2.1.5.2 of code portion of ACI 530 lists shear limits for the interface between wythes and the grouted collar joint. I am looking at the stem wall of a cantilevered retaining wall. I can determine the shear at the interface using familiar VQ/Ib...
With the use of steel fiber reinforcing, have people been using dowel baskets to transfer shear across saw cut control joints, or do you believe the aggregate interlock will be sufficient?
In note 8 they give what appears to be a limit on the length the load 2 or 2E wind is applied. Ex. for transverse wind (case A) the 2E area is 2a wide, and would extend back toward the ridge a distance which can be limited by note 8, with the balance as zone 3, thus the zone 2E may not extend...
Can someone help a non-chemical engineer? Building codes define combustible and flammable liquids based on their closed cup flash point. If provided MSDS information lists open-cup flash point, is their any way to correalate the two?
Can anyone help in identifying the joist in the photo? They appear to be cold-formed channels back to back. Note the punch-out on the bottom flanges. Thought they might be for helping to secure a decking such as tectum or perhaps a mesh lath for plaster? We have not seen them personally...
