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Hi there, Can anyone please guide on the advantage of having a constant primary and variable secondary pumping system compared to a variable primary only system? Also what happen if I close the valve on the decoupler for a primary-secondary pumping system? Would there be any risks on the...

Hi there, I'm trying to figure out how can I assess a steam process plant efficiency? not a steam power plant. I try to scourge through the internet and most of my searches are related to a steam plant which is not my objective. So consider steam is produced by a 15 ton/hr boiler at saturated...

Hi there, Is there a graph on how firing rate relates to boiler load? I'm wondering on how does combustion efficiency relates to boiler efficiency. On my perspective, a boiler with a burner turndown of 4:1 (25% lowest firing rate) for example, will have 4 different efficiencies (100% to 25%)...

Hi there, Can anyone explain or is there a graph on how firing rate relates to boiler load? I'm wondering on how does combustion efficiency relates to boiler efficiency. On my perspective, a boiler with a burner turndown of 4:1 (25% lowest firing rate) will have 4 different efficiencies (100%...

Hi there, Steam is flowing through a pipe DN 100 from 5 barg and released it through the atmosphere. I'm thinking of how can I calculate the steam flow or velocity in the pipes. I've been looking through the internet and found two different formulas and I believe these implies to incompressible...

Hi there, I'm wondering if there is any energy loss when steam flows through a let down valve. Example: Boiler is producing steam at 11 barg. Pressure drop to the end user is around 1 barg. End user only needs 9 barg so a valve was throttled to reach the pressure. Is there any energy loss...

Hi, Does anyone have experience on installing portable flue gas analyzer? Can we do it while the boiler is running? The stack temperature is around 250C to 300C. Thanks

Hi there, Can anyone help to clarify the boiler efficiency calculation particularly on the output part? Control Volume is only on the boiler Example: Assuming that there is no blowdown, Mass balance: Mass of feedwater = mass of steam Energy Balance: Mass of feedwater X Feedwater enthalpy =...

Hi there, I'm trying to find combustion efficiency table for medium fuel oil 180cSt. Does anyone know where can I look at? Can I consider the particular fuel to be No 6 fuel oil as it is more common? Regards

Hi, Can anyone show increase in boiler efficiency using the direct method (output/input) when installing an economizer? Lets say feedwater temp is without an economizer is around 32C. Installing an economizer would increase it to 50 C (just numbers) and saturated steam temp is 190 C. When...

Hi, Fuel energy content are usually given in HHV and LHV. I know that by using HHV in boiler efficiency calculation assumes that water is condensed (energy is recovered) and by using LHV, energy is not recovered and is lost to the stack. Can anyone advise on when do one use HHV or LHV to...

From internet source " Rate of flow through a valve depends upon pressure drop. The most common method of presenting this information is by valve coefficient of flow. The valve coefficient of flow represents the flow of water in gallons per minute with a 1 PSIG pressure drop through the valve...

Is it common to have a HDPE pipe to distribute instrument air? Currently one of the instrument air pipe is highly corroded due to the environment it is in. I'm thinking of replacing the pipe with a HDPE PE 80 material with a pressure grade PN 12.5 or 16.

Are there any codes that for rotating equipments? All I know is usually best practices on maintaining rotating equipment.

I'm trying to weld an angle valve P5a to an inlet material p5a and outlet material p4. Given the pipe are both DN40 Sch xxs, do I need to do PWHT? According to asme b31.1, PWHT is not mandatory if the nominal material thickness is 13mm or less. And also can anyone explain what does it mean by...

I'm trying to weld an angle valve P5a to an inlet material p5a and outlet material p4. Given the pipe are both DN40 Sch xxs, do I need to do PWHT? According to asme b31.1, PWHT is not mandatory if the nominal material thickness is 13mm or less. And also can anyone explain what does it mean by...

As far as I know a restriction orifice functions as 'choked flow' which limits the flow exiting the orifice. In other words, the flow before and after the orifice would be different. Wouldn't that violate the law of continuity?