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  1. Sjotroll

    Tunnel in shallow rock with K>1

    Hello everybody, I have an interesting problem so I'm interested in your takes. It regards constructing a tunnel in rock at shallow depths. As we know, very often the stress ratio, K, in rock is >>1 at shallow depths (in my case 3.6, but same behaviour as described is observed even for K<2)...
  2. Sjotroll

    Theoretical considerations for numerical modeling of cantilever embedded walls.

    Hi all, please help me understand something. I'm making numerical calculations of a construction pit with cantilever embedded walls in normally consolidated soil. Let us assume that the largest lateral wall movement will occur at the top of the wall. Now, which constitutive models can/should be...
  3. Sjotroll

    Pile group interaction factors

    Hello, I'm curious to know what approach you would use in the following situation. Consider you have to design a pile group (vertically loaded) and calculate the bearing capacity and settlement. I know that there are many methods of estimating the group bearing capacity and settlement factors...
  4. Sjotroll

    Reduced design strength of steel section due to shear force

    Hi, Eurocode 3 defines that if the design shear force is more than half the design shear resistance, then the combined effect of bending and shear is calculated by considering a reduced design strength. This reduced strength is calculated as fyr = fy × (1-ro). However, this reduction should only...
  5. Sjotroll

    Steady state groundwater flow analyses not converging in Plaxis2D

    Hello, I'm using Plaxis 2D to perform fully coupled flow-deformation analyses. The preliminary step (which plaxis does automatically) to the fully coupled analyses is a simple steady state groundwater flow analysis to generate the steady state pore pressures. In my relatively simple models very...
  6. Sjotroll

    Foundations of a large building on a slope

    Hello! I'm currently working on this project where a large building is being constructed on a slope. The static calculations have all been done and our job is to design the construction pit. We noticed on the drawings when looking at a cross section down the slope that all the "parts" of the...
  7. Sjotroll

    Wind turbine shallow foundation reinforcement

    Hello! Me and my colleague are designing a circular shallow foundation for 100 m high wind turbines. We've already done all the stability checks, and are now in the process of designing the required reinforcement. We already did some calculations and found the required reinforcement in the...
  8. Sjotroll

    Assessment of underwater footings on rock

    Hello! I need some suggestions, tips and ideas from someone with experience on assessment of underwater footings on rock. A few days from now I'm going to dive around an old fortress founded on rock. The goal is to assess the condition of the foundations. Since this is the first time I'm...
  9. Sjotroll

    Bracing system for construction pit

    Hello! I'm modelling a bracing system for a construction pit. The system consists of 1) beams all around the pit, attached to sheet piles, 2) bracing beams in the corners and 3) one beam that goes across from one side of the pit to the other. The model is a 2D grid, with joint restraints such...
  10. Sjotroll

    Gravity wall seismic design - inertial force?

    Hello! When designing a concrete gravity wall against sliding, overturning and bearing capacity in a seismic design situation by using a pseudo-static analysis, do you take into account the inertial force of the wall, expressed as Fi=W*k (where Fi - inertial force, W - wall self weight, k -...
  11. Sjotroll

    Block Theory - joint blocks with repeated sets in 3D

    Hello, since there is no forum for rock mechanics I'm posting this question here, hopefully it's the right place. The question is theoretical. So there is one thing bothering me with the block theory analysed through the stereographic projection method. For reference, I've been reading the book...
  12. Sjotroll

    Liquid state of fine grained soil.

    Hi, I was thinking and I came to something that confused me. I will tell you my line of though so please tell me if I went wrong somewhere, and if not I'd appreciate an explanation. So, my first assumption was that soil under the water table is fully saturated. The second assumption was that...
  13. Sjotroll

    Friction circle method

    Hi, I'm in need of a clarification regarding the forces that act at an obliquity "phi" to the circular arc (slip surface), when looking at the friction circle method for slope stability. What are those forces? Why do they act in the direction they do (at an angle "phi", which is the internal...

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