Has anyone come across some research regarding the thermal entrance length for a pipe that has many steps / changes in diameters? I suppose the same question follows for hydrodynamic entrance length
I am wondering how to calculate the Graetz number (Dh/L)*Pr*Re and wondering how "long" my pipe...
I’ve seen many anecdotes in papers that suggest that imbalance forces have a component in the forward direction, or unbalance forces can be considered “forward whirl forces” - but I can’t picture it on a FBD. The unbalance force points out radially (to me) and shouldn’t have a component forward...
