In using Wallap, the input required is material friction angle and cohesion. When the soldiers are in rock, It is appropriate to use rock's ka and c in rock to determine the lateral pressure? Where can I find the ka and c values? Some GI reports do not give any indication. Some will recommend to...
Hi
Just wanted to know what is the difference when using American and the British Standards in the Ground anchor Load tests. The americans use performance, production and proof load method whereas the British uses investigation, suitability and proof load tests.
Which method for better...
It is realistic to consider 3 sec gust wind load in Aust Standards to check the overturning failure of a tower crane? Does it means a wind exceed the speed acting for 3 sec or a few second longer will topple a tall structure? Whereas the Eurocode is using 10 min wind speed to topple a s tall...
Hi
Is a thought provoking question on hanger bars. If there is a bottom load acting on a RC beam, hanging ties must be provided and tie to the top bar to support the load. Please see sketch in Case 1.
In case 2, what happen if there is a step and causes discontinuity in the top bar?
Must...
Hi
Just a question about compaction on top of culvert. After completion of a precast box culvert, how is the soil on top of the box culvert going to be compacted? If the vibrating roller is too heavy, the compactive force may break the top slab if the soil layer is too thin.
Is there a...
There are a few questions to raise
1. I have seen foundation drawings showing the pile caps are unrestrained ie there is no tie beams to the stumps. In fact it is practice in Down Under. But in Asian countries, it is a norm to have ground beams tie to the stumps. What wil be the consequences
2...
In PT slab, prestressing helps to increase the punching shear resistance. If the column is elongated and out of balance moment is about narrow width which direction of prestressing stress should one consider to assist in the punching shear? Or the prestressing stresses come in 2 directions as...
To resolve punching shear at the edge of the flat slab with the exterior column, one way is to increase its thickness to form a beam. What is the minimum thickness to be considered as a beam especially to be used in PT slab
EC 2 recommends the punching perimeter to be 2d from the column or pile edge as compare to d/2 in AS3600 or ACI.
1. Why the difference? Previously BS 8110 uses 1.5d and EC has further increased to 2d as compare to the AS 3600 remains at d/2 even in 2018 edition
2. In pilecap designs as the...
Hi,
I am troubled by folded slab ie a step down in flat slab. The step down or drop can exceed the a couple of times the thickness of the flat slab. I have seen in the RAM modelling, the reinforcement of the step down section looks like a beam with top slab on oner side and bottom slab on the...
