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  1. tmalik3156

    Encampment deterrent for steel girder bridge

    Good day all. Looking for something similar as shown in the photo below for concrete girders, except that ours is for a steel girder bridge. We don't want to drill holes to the steel girder webs. Does anyone have drawings / photos / ideas about how to install such a cage for steel bridges...
  2. tmalik3156

    Please make 'Bridge Engineering' more prominent

    Dear Admin, Bridge Engineering is a multi-disciplinary subject involving Structural, Geotechnical, Water Resources, and Transportation Engineering. Unfortunately, the new layout of the forum has made this subject obscure. It is now hidden inside other subforums. Please make Bridge Engineering a...
  3. tmalik3156

    Light pole tabs on bridges

    Good day all. We are designing semi-circular cantilever tabs to support light poles on the exterior of a bridge. Due to wind action, the light poles – and therefore these tabs – are subjected to significant moments / torsion. Some DOTs have standard drawings for these tabs. An example from...
  4. tmalik3156

    Retrofit of stub abutment

    Good day all. Owner is afraid that flood will wash away the embankment, and the stub (perched) abutment will collapse. Abutment is on spread footing with no piles underneath. This has happened to some other bridges (a random example shown below). So, we are doing a preliminary conceptual...
  5. tmalik3156

    Cylindrical foundation for Overhead Sign Structures

    Good day all. We are going to design a cylindrical concrete foundation for a large overhead highway sign structure. The manufacturer of the sign structure will provide us with the forces and the moments at the top of the foundation. A sample is shown below. Notice the high torsion. We also...
  6. tmalik3156

    New corbel on existing concrete structure

    Good day. We know how to design a corbel in a monolithic construction. However, my problem is different. We need to design a new corbel that attaches to an existing structure. As shown below, the new corbel is a light pole base which gets attached to the existing bridge deck. So the...
  7. tmalik3156

    Conceptual Design Review

    Good day all. A 32 m long bridge is to be constructed on a rural road over a small river. Sketches of the conceptual design are shown below. Kindly take a look and advise if this concept looks acceptable. For example, what do you think of using a single row of piles, having no batter, use of a...
  8. tmalik3156

    Light pole mounted on traffic barrier

    Good day all. Precast traffic barriers will be installed on the bridge deck in a rehabilitation project. One option is to mount the light poles directly on top of the barrier. An example is shown in the google photo below. The barrier may be TL2 or TL3. Can someone please direct me to...
  9. tmalik3156

    Orientation of diagonal stiffeners

    Good day all. May be this is a simple question, but we learn by asking those who know. We are designing a steel foundation for a Bailey type bridge system. This will be a permanent bridge. The foundation consists of three piles (HP 310x 125) at each end of a pile cap (W 1000x295). The Pile cap...
  10. tmalik3156

    Cracks on pier cap

    Good day. This is an unusual type of bridge (constructed in the '50s) where pier columns directly carry thrust from the deck slab - without any bearings in between. The photo below also shows a lot of leakage, efflorescence, corrosion at the soffit above. There are cracks visible on pier...
  11. tmalik3156

    'Continuous' tied arch bridge

    Good day all. I was looking at the beautiful Bluewater International Bridge between Michigan and Ontario over St. Claire River. It's a twin bridge. The one shown on the near side of the photo is a tied arch bridge with continuous spans. I was wondering how the structural system works. We...
  12. tmalik3156

    Plain bearing pad design by AREMA

    Good day all. We are designing a plain (unreinforced) elastomeric bearing pad for a rail bridge according to Chapter 15 of AREMA. We are able to satisfy 5.5 MPa limit, but we are struggling with GS/k limit. (1) Is the GS/k limit applicable to plain pads, or is it only for reinforced pads...
  13. tmalik3156

    Bridge Pier Strengthening

    Good day all. A bridge pier is showing some vertical cracks near the top. The client wants to restrain the cracks from further widening by applying lateral compressive forces using anchors. Below is the schematics of the idea. The tension rods will be stressed and attached to the anchors at...
  14. tmalik3156

    Tie rod anchor for sheet pile

    Good day. We are designing a sheet pile anchor (see diagram below) for the first time. So, your comments on the design will be highly appreciated. The 32 mm dia tie rod, carrying about 350 kN tensile force, will hold an AZ28 sheet pile at an angle of 45 degrees. We have designed a Hollow...
  15. tmalik3156

    Closure strip of bridge deck

    Good day all. I am trying to understand the benefit of providing a longitudinal closure strip in bridge deck replacement work that is done in two stages. I have two examples in front of me. Example 1: New deck on new steel girders. Even number of girders. About 50% of the existing deck is...
  16. tmalik3156

    Screed Table

    Good day all. I am required to prepare a table of screed elevations for a bridge deck. These are the steps I am thinking of in my calculation. Kindly advise if this is correct and complete. Step 1: From proposed final roadway centreline elevations, subtract thickness of asphalt to get...
  17. tmalik3156

    Location of waler on sheet piles

    Good day all. An anchored sheet pile is to be designed. The question is -- should the waler be placed in front (river side) of the sheet, or at the back (soil side) of the sheet pile. Both the options are shown below. Kindly comment on advantages and disadvantages of each.
  18. tmalik3156

    Ks (coefficient of subgrade reaction) in sheet pile design

    Good day all. I am new in sheet pile design. The method I know is to apply active and passive pressures and get the moment demand on the sheet pile. This is like what the diagram shows. Now, the Geotechnical Report provides ks values at different depth (Say 4000 kN / m3 at 10 m below ground...
  19. tmalik3156

    Capacity of a deep beam

    Good day all. We are evaluating some deteriorated hammerhead pier caps. The caps would qualify as “deep beams”. We know that for deep beams, design should be by Strut and Tie method (STM), rather than by Sectional method used for shallow beams. But that’s for design. We are doing analysis...
  20. tmalik3156

    Optimum span length

    Good day all. We are doing a very preliminary concept design of a 50 m long bridge. We are considering a two-span option, and a three-span option. I am wondering if anyone can provide reference to equations that relate cost of bridges to span length for steel girders and concrete girders. I...

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