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  1. Pretty Girl

    N-M interaction chart to Australian Standards

    The below is the N-M interaction chart for Eurocode for a biaxial concrete column. Do Australian standards provide any guidance to come up with the N-M interaction diagram? Which clauses I need to look at if I want to make our chart compliant with AS 3600? I want to know the calculations...
  2. Pretty Girl

    Should there be a dip in my N-M diagram or not - Eurocode - concrete columns

    I created this chart and the members of this forum made a great contribution towards it. My chart aligns well until the pure compression, with the standard chart mentioned at "How to Design ConcreteStructures using Eurocode 2". The problem is, it doesn't align when it enters the pure...
  3. Pretty Girl

    Bi-axial bending chart - concrete column

    This is from "Reinforced concrete design to eurocodes" by prab bhat, page 371 and 372. It has mentioned the it's for My/ (hb^2) = 2. But I don't know how to reproduce with that ratio kept constant. So, I tried to create it with making the alpha and beta values at a constant ratio of 0.8 (beta =...
  4. Pretty Girl

    Calculation of chart data - Column Design - concrete - Biaxial bending

    This is from "Reinforced concrete design to eurocodes" by prab bhat, page 371. I have two things which I'm confused of. 1: I'm bit confused of how did they assumed (chose) the alpha = 2 and beta = 1.5 for the first line? Why not something like alpha = 2.1 and beta = 1.4. If they used random...
  5. Pretty Girl

    Centroid of this compression block - Column Design - concrete - Biaxial bending

    This is from "Reinforced concrete design to eurocodes" by prab bhat, page 367. I'm bit confused of how did they determine that this five faced shape has the centroid of 1/3 of the shape's height and breadth. I feel like they just assumed it's a triangle although the pointy ends are truncated. I...
  6. Pretty Girl

    Column Design - concrete - Biaxial bending - Why the r/f area is not deducted from concrete area

    I'm trying to understand the concept behind this. This is from "Reinforced concrete design to eurocodes" by prab bhat, page 370. I'm bit confused of why the reinforcement area is not deducted from the compressed area of the concrete, when it calculates the "axial force in concrete (Nc)". If we...
  7. Pretty Girl

    Column Design - concrete - Biaxial bending

    I'm trying to understand the concept behind the axial force calculation from steel stress. This is from "Reinforced concrete design to eurocodes" by prab bhat, page 368. I'm bit confused of why in the "0.002 bh/4", 0.002 bh is divided by 4. The steel percentage is 4%, and there are 4 bars. So...
  8. Pretty Girl

    Column Design - concrete - Biaxial bending

    I'm trying to understand the concept behind this bi-axial bending calculation. This is from "Reinforced concrete design to eurocodes" by prab bhat, page 368. I'm bit confused of how the coordinates are calculated for this. For instance, the book states "The bars are located at 0.15h from top...
  9. Pretty Girl

    Moment capacity calculation - concrete column

    This was taken from the book "Reinforced concrete design to eurocodes - by prab bhatt" at page 353. I'm trying to understand this equation. And trying to calculate moment capacity for a compression area of a uni-axial concrete column. In that equation, the moment capacity should be "Cc x...
  10. Pretty Girl

    Chamfered concrete column design (bi-axial)

    I'm trying to understand and produce a design chart for chamfered columns. For biaxial bending I found the following in the book 'reinforced concrete design to eurocodes' by prab bhat (page 365). However I want to design chamfered columns. Is it possible to change the following equations to suit...
  11. Pretty Girl

    M & N interaction is safe for construction phase? concrete columns

    I have noticed that the Moment to Axial load interaction diagrams (and or equations) are widely being used to design concrete columns. But I noticed that the principle behind it is just to calculate how much resistive moment (Mc) can be utilised from the axial load and then we are removing that...
  12. Pretty Girl

    Concrete column design: Equation

    The following equation to get the moment of the compression force (Mc) is mentioned in the "Reinforced Concrete Design to Eurocodes" by prab bhatt on page 353. My question is: Is the "0.5" number mentioned in that is the neutral axis? can we use 0.7 instead of 0.5? I noticed if we use...
  13. Pretty Girl

    h and b axis definitions of a concrete column: Eurocode2

    The column design involves finding the 'M/bh^2*fck' which uses to find the required reinforcement, in Eurocode2. For that the column's b & h as follows, (suppose it's bending on z-z axis, uni-axial bending) If the same type of column has exact same moment bending over y-y axis (and uni-axial...
  14. Pretty Girl

    Calculation of stiffness k

    I'm trying to calculate the effective length of the column. The Eurocode 2 mentions the following equation In that, we have to find out the "k" values so we can feed to the above equation. The Eurocode 2 mentions this equation to calculate the relative stiffness k. I noticed the...
  15. Pretty Girl

    Effective length calculation of concrete columns in Eurocode2

    The following equation is the effective length calculation in Eurocode 2 (page 66) for concrete columns. In that equation, the "k" is defined as follows, However, in almost all the calculations (in the books, videos etc) have eliminated "θ/M" and "E" from the above and only considered...
  16. Pretty Girl

    Reinforcement charts in excel spreadsheet: Concrete columns

    I tried to create an excel sheet to create new reinforcement charts for rectangular and circular concrete columns for Eurocode2. I referred the calculation in the book "Reinforced concrete design to eurocodes by prab bhatt"- Page 355, section 9.2.5.1 But after I get all the calculations in the...
  17. Pretty Girl

    Unbraced concrete structures with Eurocode 2

    Simple, yet considerably tall structures like overhead water tanks are common in many countries to be built with concrete. Further, they are commonly designed to have no significant bracing to prevent sway etc. However I didn't notice a straight forward way to design "unbraced" concrete...
  18. Pretty Girl

    Total design moment in both x and y axis for concrete columns - Eurocode2

    I'm designing a short column in accordance with Eurocode 2. This column is situated at a corner with bi-axial bending as it has beams fixed to it. I want to calculate the total moment (suppose I have already calculated the moments of both axes), so I can feed to the design moment equation "M02 +...
  19. Pretty Girl

    Where can I find these equations and design charts for concrete columns in Eurocode 2?

    The following reinforcement chart found in a book, is for the calculation of area of steel required, for concrete columns for Eurocode2. However, I also found some other equations as well which can be used instead of the above charts (from a video). My questions are 1. Where can I find...
  20. Pretty Girl

    Which coefficients to select for slabs monolithically casted with beams - Eurocode/BS code

    In BS 8110, Table 3.14 on page 37 mentions the bending moment coefficients for slabs. Most of the slabs in modern day structures are monolithically casted with beams. For instance, the following slab monolithically casted with beams around it. The following slab panel marked with red...

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