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My question is about assigning spring(soil) to slab of foundation.if compression only spring is assigned it does not converge. If compression and tension spring is assigned it converges but I am not sure if results in second case are correct or not? My question is that the type of analysis so...

My question is about the interpre‧ation of moment or reinforcement area as resulllt of analysis and design.As it is known shell elements are modeled for slabs and walls and uniform loads are assigned to them.for calculation of reinforcement average moments shall be used or maximum moment.for...

My question is about reinforced concrte beam deflection.Deflection due to gravity loads are calculated for service load and flexural behaviour of concrete under service laod is variable which means the strain diagram differs as load increases.concrete cracks under under service load. In chapter...

My question is about torsion in beams connecting to slab.Asit is known as per ACI,longitudinal and tranverse reinforcement shall be designed if torsion is greater than Tcr. On the other hand,if a beam connects to slab، torsion can be released in beam and slab shall be designed for greater...

What is redundancy factor?how is it defined in stucture?

Is blast load dependent on period of building type structur?

Strip footing is modeled in SAP.Program calculates moment in both directions and displays contours.In width of strip, Both positive and negative moments exist.How is reinforcement is designed.Is bottom or top reinforcement designed for maximum positive moment over the length or the average or...

A building with it's foundation are modeled in Sap.my question is that how soil is modeled.shall it be modeled as a spring or link?