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  • Users: BWCSA
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  1. BWCSA

    Metal Gangways - Marina egress

    With regards to DNVGL-ST-0358: Det Norske Veritas (DNV) is a well-known and respected standards and inspection/certification organization for everything maritime and off-shore. So you could certainly look into their standards and guidelines library (freely accessible) for anything useful...
  2. BWCSA

    How to reinforce an existing reinforced concrete slab due to a creation of a future opening

    Trying to think out the box, this might be completely unpractical in your specific situation, but you asked for more ideas: Does the project really need the floor space directly adjacent to the proposed opening? If not, you could remove whole middle area of the slab completely (the 13'-10"...
  3. BWCSA

    Foundation Rigidity and Settlement

    Saying there is a characteristic point is just another way of expressing that St-Venant's principle applies in an elastic half-space: The value of the stress increase in a certain point z below the foundation is dependent on the distribution of the contact pressure directly under the foundation...
  4. BWCSA

    Foundation Rigidity and Settlement

    These rigidity factors in literature (Bowles, Das, Coduto) all seem to be derived from elastic half-space theory, often simplified to one number for practical application on a range of foundation shapes. They are calculated as the ratio between : • I_flexible = The (Influence factor for the)...
  5. BWCSA

    Best Structural System for....?

    Depends on what your criteria for 'best' structural system' are (price, construction time, special performance requirements ...). What's economical depends on what kind of building products are available in your market (and what kind of deals the general contractors have with these companies)...
  6. BWCSA

    Water and Wastewater processes design and calculations handbook

    The Degremont Water Treatment Handbook is a definitely classic and very complete. It's now kept up to date online, not sure if they still publish paper versions: https://www.suezwaterhandbook.com/site-map
  7. BWCSA

    rigid pavement design

    Yes. It doesn't literally require it since T34 is more of a general design guide than a "hard" technical specification with prescriptions/requirements, but it does assume it in certain design formulas.
  8. BWCSA

    rigid pavement design

    These regulations/heuristics have to come from somewhere, either from experience or they were calculated for a range of assumptions & input parameters that are representative for the application for which the regulations/heuristics are meant. Either way, applying them should lead to the similar...
  9. BWCSA

    rigid pavement design

    When I mentioned rebar, I meant to say reinforcing steel in a general sense (not an native English speaker). Wire mesh/steel fabric/steel netting/whatever you want to call it is obviously the most time-efficient and economical way to reinforce this type of element. Your concrete section will...
  10. BWCSA

    rigid pavement design

    Sure, but per Westergaard formula's (center condition) the max stress is both proportional to the total and to ln(Le/r), with r the (equivalent) radius of the loaded area and Le the radius of relative stiffness. So the increased contact area (larger r) will only partially mitigate the effect of...
  11. BWCSA

    rigid pavement design

    With regard to design procedures. Since you're talking about French axle load standards, I assume that the terminal is located in France? PCA procedures, AASHTO procedures and the like, while all fine, won't result in a calculation note that is compliant with applicable codes in the terminal's...

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