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Hello. I am trying to compare regulations, guidelines, recommendations, etc of different countries for using reclaimed wastewater in cooling systems. So far i know USA guidelines. Who knows about EUROPE, Israel, Southafrica, India, Japan etc? It will also helpful if someone know countries...

you are right chlorine dioxide costs much more, but on the other hand we do not built a nitrification denitrification system that is really expensive, furthermore because of the "low" organic materia in the water the nitri-denitri system should be feed with ethanol, also expensive. There is no...

Thanks cub3bead no cupper alloys foreseen in our system, noted. Bimr, no 100% agree with regard that ammonia consumes biological control chemicals,if the chemical is sodium hipoclhorite 100% agree but we foresee chlorine dioxide that does not react with ammonia. We will study the scheme you...

Thanks Bimr for your help and interest. I´ll try to explain the global picture in order to give you a better understanding. 1- We take the water from a secondary wastewater treatment step that already exits without nitrification denitrification process. 2 - We plan to built a tertiary...

Thanks Muggle. I confirm it´s NH4+. We are not thinking in reducing TKN, we are thinking in controlling bacterial growth with a combination of biocides. Chlorine dioxide is the biocide we foresee to use. The make up water flow is 720 m3/h. I am looking for someone experience with this level of...

We are thinking in reusing of tertiary municipal wastewater as make up water for a cooling tower. The problem is that there is no nitrificaction denitrification process in the treatmente plant, so values of 45ppm of NH4+ are expected in the make up. Foreseen concentration factor is 2. Has...