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Strings are separate tubular conduits to separate completion intervals. I have never heard of an injection well having 2 strings. With SAGD, might have the ability to inject shallow via the short string, and produce from a deeper interval via the long string. Could also have a shallow...

Can use a hydrocarbon processing simulator like WinSim or Hysys to model the compositional change and volume losses. I don't know of a quick and dirty technique. You would need a compositional analysis of the oil to use the simulation method.

To do this correctly, we would need to know more about the fluids - Oil - oil gravity, Water - water salinity, Gas - gas gravity, CO2 mol%, H2S mol%, N2 mol% Some of the gas will go into solution into the oil and water, and the supercompressibility of the gas also should be considered. The...

Depending on the application, GVF is usually the % of the total volume occupied by gas at the conditions being considered. So GVF is dimensionless - need to calculate the volumes of each fluid phase in same volume units, whether that be gallons, SCF, BBL, etc.... GOR units are usually SCF/STBO...

Is there a way to test used tubulars to verify the grade of the pipe, relative to NACE MR-0175 requirements for application in H2S environments? How do you verify that a used string of L-80 pipe is L-80 and not some other grade? I have not found a non-destructive way to verify that a used...

I am looking for information on the solubility of acid gas ( 75% H2S + 25% CO2 ) in brine. Are there any sources for this data available in the literature? I haven't found anything yet. From what I've seen all simulators allow for simulating mixing acid gas and water, but when it comes to...

I am interested in acid gas solubility in brine also - 75% H2S, 25% CO2. I am interested in how this can be modelled in Aspen or other simulators...

If you have historic production data, you can use a plot of log water/oil ratio (WOR) vs linear cumulative oil production plot to forecast the future WOR as a function of cumulative oil production. There is some theoretical basis for this approach, based on relative permability effects and...

I don't know your situation, but the most accurate way is a 3 phase test separator, operating at the same pressure as the main separator. Individual meters on the test separator determine the volume produced during the test period of gas, oil, and water. If the test separator operates at a...

Is there a way to determine what grade and schedule of line pipe has been used in an installation by inspection, using nondestructive methods? I assume the wall thickness could be determined by ultrasonic measurement. With that information and the OD, one could identify the schedule. But what...

One solution might be some sort of surface hardening, such as nitriding. This is done with downhole tubular equipment to prevent erosion during frac stimulation. What are the velocities downstream of the choke? You might consider larger piping to reduce the velocities, or take the pressure...