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Hi, I need your input to understand correctly the way of sizing the grounding ring. Ground Ring not less than 2 AWG Cu per NEC. I worked in a design of an industrial building with 3,000 A service, the ground ring that encircle the building was spec 4/0 and have not received comments on that...

I need to represent two low voltage circuit breakers mechanically interlocked, N.C. and N.O. respectively. How do you simulate this with SKM software ? Thanks

They measured the GPR in the data center of 809V

The client is also saying if there's more than 1 Km separation distance (from data center to substation) and GPR value of less than 300V with normal grounding constitutes a safe/normal environment for current standard off-the -shelf IT and communication equipment? Who ultimately makes that...

Is there a minimum separation recommended between a Data Center and a 115KV Substation. The Ground Potential Rise in an existing Data Center adjacent to a 115KV substation (wall to wall) is 809V, there's a concern about the EMI affecting the performance of the servers, routers, etc. GPR of 809V...

I know that Utilities can use either PSSE or ASPEN for power flow, short circuit analysis, stability. If you have the two softwares, what software would you recommend to use and why? Thanks

What are the advantages and disadvantages of computer programs PSSE, ASPEN, and IDRAW. Thanks

I was told by a rep of Okonite that 600MCM is easier to handle because it has more strands. If you see table 8 of NEC, For 500MCM the number of strands is 37 and the overall diameter 0.813 inches. For 600MCM the number of strands is 61 strands and the overall diameter is 0.893. I'm not concerned...

Hi, I have a question about handling 500MCM and 600MCM cable, CU. Can you tell me which one is easier and/or preferred by contractors. Thanks

Hi, I don't ask about the tapered bus or vertical buses in the switchboard, I asked about the horizontal bus from the main incoming terminals. Thanks

Hi, I want to know if it is necessary to indicate in the single line drawings, that the bus in the 3000A switchboard is 100% rated like a breaker. I always understood that when you buy a 3000A equipment, the bus is designed to handle 3000A with no problem for indefinite time (100%). Am I right...

Hi, A question about a switchboard rated 3,000 Amps, 480V, 3 phase. When we say in our drawings that the equipment is 3,000 Amps, the manufacturer always provide the equipment with the busbar rated 100% or we have to specify in our drawings, that the bar is "3,000 Amps, 100% rated". Thanks for...

Hi, I have a question about an automatic transfer switch, 3000A rated with bypass. Can you tapped an additional load off the load terminal of an automatic transfer switch? Is that legal? Thanks

I have a Secondary Unit Substation, the transformer is rated 2500 KVA, 13.2KV Primary - 480V Secondary, 3 phase. I was providing overcurrent protection and differential protection to the transformer but other engineer eliminated the differential protection because he said is too expensive and...

I guess my question is, why the manufacturer is worried about protecting each generator with a load interrupter switch when it's known that the medium voltage circuit breakers in the paralleling switchgear provide that protection. Why not to use a simple safety disconnect switch normally closed...

I have 4 medium voltage generators (13.8KV) connected to a paralleling switchgear. The generator's manufacturer is recommending to use a load interrupter switch, SF6 type, rather than a simple safety disconnect switch on each generator. I know that the circuit breakers in the paralleling...