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Because the soil between the piles concrection and settlement, the cap below will be disengaged from the soil. Based on the reason, we don't tconside the friction between the pile cap and soil below. If the adjacent soil is stiff or the backfill around the cap is satisfying the requirement of...

yakpol, please give me a good practice for underground structure. let me learn from your exprience. thanks! Ltdog

The pressure is the net reaction for unit area of ground soil corresponding to the fundamental combination of load effects,of which after the self-weight of foundation and the weight of upper applied soils are reducted.

hokie66, I know but thanks for you remind anyway. If you design a underground park structure that the top slab cover the 1.5m height soil and fire truck, you will choose a feasible dia. Besides you use the small and dense bars, the concrete isn't casted and ensure the construction quality. Good...

yakpol, your rule of thumb isnot written in the code and I think that isn't feasible. For example we usually use dia 25mm in designing 200mm thickness flat-slab.

I am designing a high-rise building and will provide information to the curtain wall design. One of the information is shore term creep (in the first three months) and another is long term creep. The first question is: According to the ACI318-08 clause 9.5.2.5, the deflection of the short...

Jae, please tell me which code suggest distributing the negative top steel in the effective flange. I dont find the provision in the ACI318-05. Our New York office engineer tell me American engineers usually distribute part of the steel in the effective flange and the other in the rectangle...

Tomfh, Will you provide the Australian code, I am much obliged to you for your help. I don't find the content of the reinforcement details in Australian concrete structure code 3600-2001

BA,sorry i dont draw clearly. the number of the reinforcements is only signal and not real. i think 20% reinforcements can be distributed in the flanges, and 80% in the rectangle. right? my up answer is wrong,sorry

BA,sorry i dont draw clearly. the number of the reinforcements is only signal and not real. i think 20% reinforcements can be distributed in the flanges, and 75% in the rectangle. right?

thanks everybody my question is the attached figure, maybe you dont fully understand me. http://files.engineering.com/getfile.aspx?folder=9284f2ce-d203-4b7b-a933-fd33e8ac622c&file=1.JPG

Rowingengineer, Thanks your reply. I am designing according to ACI318, but I don't find how percent reinforcements shall be arranged in the two side flange? I know the range of the flange from the ACI318 clause 8.10

BA, thank your quickly reply. I do as same as you said. But I want to know how arrange the top reinforcements (negative moment) Option 1: All arrange in the top of rectangle Option 2: parts arrange in the top of rectangle and the other parts in the two side of T flange? I think the negative...

How do you design a T-beam? 1, We adopt a rectangle section in the model and the moment of the inertia should be based on the effective flange. 2, The top reinforcements are arranged in the rectangle section or part of reinforcements in the rectangle and part of reinforcements in the T flange...

I think 0.08Ag reinforcing is a huge number for the bundary of the wall

hOkie66, The sketch comes from I discuss with chinese structural egineers in the internet http://okok.org/forum/viewthread.php?tid=217111&extra=page%3D1&page=5 Jack1977 and racookpe1978, From the below photo, we can see the thin prestressed reforcement. The dia 500 pipe pile compression...

all, the prestressed reinforcements is too smaller to see. i draw a figure for you all informationhttp://files.engineering.com/getfile.aspx?folder=5d8425ee-ad28-4ff5-ba93-ea3fc4b50f0b&file=overturn.jpg

All? The pile adopt the high-strength prestressed pipe pile. attached for you information http://files.engineering.com/getfile.aspx?folder=25b887b6-7652-4884-a191-ef89f495ede8&file=pipe_pile.jpg

All? The pile adopt the high-strength prestressed pipe pile. attached for you information

I think that the nearby constructing underground park and rainstorm cause the foundation collapse,then the piles of the building were sheared to destroy and the building was overturned. Besides I think the construction isnot shoddy.