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I don't think that this is the case, for several reasons. First, the shock has already become invisible on this frame from the same footage taken a few moments later. Second, the retro-motor exhaust velocity of 2 km/s calculated above means that the velocity of the counter-rocket air stream must...

The Saturn V flight manual (SA-503), page 4-28, last paragraph, says: The Saturn V flight evaluation report (AS-503), page 12-3, gives the 0.658 seconds for the average effective retro-motor burn time, and 375,470 N for the average effective thrust. I asked a more knowledgeable friend to...

So, the vapour was really a part of the separation thruster (retro-motor) exhaust gases, and their velocity must have been significantly greater than the velocity of the vehicle at the first stage separation in order for the gases to reach the rocket "nose" and light up the shock wave cone. The...

I agree. As the rocket axis isn't strictly perpendicular to the line of sight so the observed (projected) shock cone angle is slightly larger than the actual one, the Mach number must be closer to 3 than to 2. As to the visualisation issue, as the Sun was shining from southeast at this time...

Thank you very much for your answers! Can we summarise that what we see is not anything else but a conical shock wave, and that the gases from the solid fuel rockets (that stopped working a few film frames ago) help make it visible but don't form its shape? IRStuff: I assume that you too mean...

I'm curious what supersonic aerodynamics phenomenon is seen on this interesting rocket photo? The linked page describes the event, but I'd like to add that this photo is a high-quality colour version of the frame at 0:09:02 (min:sec:frame) of that 1.5 MB greyscale video clip. The exhaust gases...