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Battery Energy Storage System Inverters 2

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rockman7892

Electrical
Apr 7, 2008
1,159
I'm looking at the feasibility to meet a customer requirement of 4MWH BESS for a new microgrid project. Customer is looking to scale BESS system from 1MWH to 4MWH over several years.

The conceptual solution discussed at this point is to provide (4) 1MWH units that can be connected together to meet the 4MWH requirement. These BESS unit inverters will output at 480V and then go through step-up transformer to 15kV for distribution system.

A couple of questions come to mind here that I was hoping someone may be able to shed some light on:

1) Does a BESS inverter always require an insolation transformer when connecting to system/grid? What is the main function provided by isolation transformer?

2) Is 1MWH the largest (or perhaps most economical) BESS on the market currently?

3) In a case with having multiple 1MWH BESS units connected together to achieve 4MHW capacity would this typically be (4) battery units systems and (4) inverters, or is there a potential for (4) 1MWH battery units connected through a common inverter? In the case with (4) separate inverters would each inverter typically have its own controller which communicates with the others?

4) If using (4) battery units and (4) inverters with each inverter having an isolation transformer what is the most efficient way to combine outputs of isolation transformers? Is it to daisy chain transformer outputs (IE feed-through transformers)with single connection to 480V SWBD, or is it more practical to have each isolation transformer feed separately into 480V SWBD ( separate feeders) with the outputs then combined in the SWBD?
 
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1. Requirement for transformers, means of grounding the DC and AC sides and topology was still somewhat dependent on OEM last time I looked. The situation may have changed in the last few years though.
2. Not sure, energy capacity is generally driven by physical volume and electrical parameters, and there are different battery makes around.
3. This is also somewhat OEM dependent as to what the best configuration may be.
4. Again, it depends somewhat on what the inverter and battery OEMs will allow.

I note that you have specified the energy capacity but not the power. Are you considering 4MW of output for a 4MWh battery system, or perhaps 1MW output with 4MWh of capacity behind it? This will also have a factor in your inverter and transformer selection.

Other things to consider include how to deal with the fault current of multiple batteries in parallel in your system, the grounding requirements of both the DC and AC side (which can have a bearing on the need for an isolation transformer), the maximum potential required by the inverter versus supported by the battery manufacturer and so on. At 4MW here we'd be looking at HV (MV...) for a network connection, 1MW less so, which will also influence equipment selection and configuration.

EDMS Australia
 
Four separate units provides much more graceful failure scenarios.

Four separate units offer fixed incremental upgrade costs whereas other scenarios require a much larger initial purchase price.

Four separate units allows incremental battery upgrades as battery tech improves whereas you wouldn't be able to mix chemistries.

Isolation transformers GREATLY decouple inverters from network abuse extending inverter life and reducing down times.

Four identical units can get you serious quantity price breaks over a single setup.

Keith Cress
kcress -
 
Enclosed is an example in NY of one of the larger Battery Energy Storage System (BESS)

AESEnergyStorage.jpg


 
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