Only if the MOSFET can handle the required voltage and current. Typical solid state relays will have protections built in against short circuit, EMI, electrostatic discharge, over voltage on the signal or power supply, and provide sufficient heat sink.
MOSFETs inputs do have a small capacitive load component, normally benefiting from a MOSFET driver in use with other semiconductors, but metallic switches, particularly to incandescent bulbs, already have to deal with the surge current at turn on.