Breaker and one half topology documentation

[bettoni]

Hello All,

I appreciate if someone can recommend me some articles, books and manufacturer application notes concerning to breaker and one half stations.

The main reason is that here in Costa Rica we don´t have any station of this type. Now we´re going to buy some but there´s no experience in these field. We use 230 kV transmission level and 34.5 kV distribution level. The principal matters I´m interested on are:

1. Control system. Reclosing and breaker failure principles.

2. Protection schemes.

3. Topology types (TC´s & switchgear locus and number of units for each bay).

4. Disadvantages, disagreements of using breaker and a half topology.

Thanks for any help,

BETTONI.

 

[dpc]

J.L. Blackburn's "Protective Relaying" book has a good section on the various bus arrangements and relative merits of each. That would be a good place to start if you have access to it. There may be some on-line references, but I'm not aware of any.

 

[cuky2000]

Amigo Bettoni,

Did you questioned why breaker 11/2?

Based on experience, this type of substation configuration is typical beyond the needs of many countries in LA because the require level of reliability/availability may not justify the higher initial installation cost, training and O&M costs. Any extra resource could be better use improving other part of the system.

Many utilities in the US take advantage to design the system with ring-bus upgradeable to breaker 11/2 later as the system growth requiring more reliability.

There is significant difference in layout space if use dead-tank or live-tank circuit breaker. The current transformers (CT) is included in the breaker while in the second case will be a freestanding unit in separate structure with foundations in front and rear of the CB.

Sample of breaker 11/2 configuration and generic protection and control references are enclosed below.

General Protection & Ctl References:

http://pm.geindustrial.com/faq/Documents/D60/GER-3178.pdf

http://www.geindustrial.com/pm/notes/artsci/

 

[RalphChristie]

Most of the protective relaying books I have dealt somewhere with busbar-protection, but not specifically on certain busbar configurations. ANSI/IEEE C37.97-1979 Guide for protective relay applications to power system buses (not sure if there is a newer version) is quite good. Books by J. L.Blackburn, Walter A.Elmore, Stanley H. Horowitz, Arun G.Phadke, etc. have also some info on the protective relaying side of buses, but like I said, not specific on certain configurations.

 

[RalphChristie]

bettoni

Download also RUS Bulletin 1724E-300, Design Guide for Rural Substations:

http://www.usda.gov/rus/electric/pubs/1724e300/1724e300.pdf

pg 139

 

[stevenal]

http://www.usda.gov/rus/electric/pubs/1724e300/1724e300.pdf

See 4.6.5