Cupper Phthalocyanine 1

[rezaeb]

It would be highly appreciated if someone can introduce me some guidlines, references or litrature for manufacturing of cupper phthalocyanine from phthalic anhydride, urea and cupper chloride.
Thanks in advance

 

[kenvlach]

It seems that a catalyst is required, and the book Phthalocyanine Compounds by Frank H.Moser and Arthur L. Thomas (New York: Reinhold, 1963) is recommended. The book is readily available from on-line dealers.
From US Patent 6306938 (filed 1999, issued 2001):

"The crude copper phthalocyanine is prepared by any of the well established processes such as reaction at elevated temperature of phthalic anhydride with urea and a copper salt in the presence of a catalytic amount of a transition metal compound such as ammonium molybdate, the reaction being carried out in a high boiling aromatic solvent such as nitrobenzene or in the absence of solvent in a "dry-bake" process. Standard processes for the production of crude copper phthalocyanine are detailed in "Phthalocyanine Compounds" by Moser and Thomas, Reinhold Publishing Corporation 1963 the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference."

About 26 US & foreign patents for copper phthalocyanine are also cited.
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http://www.freepatentsonline.com/6306938.html

I suggest also searching for newer patents and trying to find out BASF's production method. Note: Copper-containing phthalocyanine pigment is also called "C.I. Pigment Blue 15:3"

 

[rezaeb]

Dear kenvlach,
I'd like to appreciate your kind and valuable reply. I'm trying to find out BASF's production method.
Your guidlines are very useful.
Thanks.