Granular Backfill Slope - Seismic Requirement

[nbr1]

It is my understanding that granular backfill is sloped at about 45 degrees (from vertical) for active and at rest conditions and about 60 degrees (from vertical) for passive conditions.

What impact would seismic forces have on these requirements (ie. should the backfill slope be increased?)

 

[fattdad]

seismic forces reduce static safety factors.

f-d

¡papá gordo ain’t no madre flaca!

 

[nbr1]

Would there be any benefit if the granular backfill (say a material that could be considered a buffer material like rubber) for a retaining wall were placed in a manner as to not only consider active pressure, but also at-rest or passive conditions?

In other words, what backfill configuration would provide the most benefit during a seismic/dynamic event?

 

[fattdad]

something with a low-strain shear modulus that has a high value.

f-d

¡papá gordo ain’t no madre flaca!