I came to the USA during what was known as the era of the Brain drain from the UK. The army was sucking in large numbers with the draft because the Vietnam war was going full swing. Skilled workers were scarce and expensive.
The ever recourceful US., employers did what they always do in a case like this, they poached. With the Dollar riding high they came to Europe and other countries then searched for time served journeymen, engineers and others. The money they offered seemed like a small fortune, this coupled with the fact that taxes were only taking about 15% of your income when your home country was taking over 50% made it seem like a paradise. Of course when the industry took a downturn these same employers were just as quick to show their new employees the door saying " Dont take it personally, its just business". Don't think that this was just in the past, it still goes on today, look at articles on H1B visas.
The problem with this was that certain european countries decided that investing 5 years into an employee, just to see him or her up stakes, and leave was not on, so many countries just abandoned apprenticeship programs all together.
It took several years before industries and governments began to realise the depth of knowlege they were losing, as the generations who had served apprenticeships retired, and were replaced with workers who had OJT or short training courses that gave them just enough knowlege to do the job, but not enough, to deal with an out of the ordinary situation.
These forums are a classic example of this, look at the questions that show up from people who are fresh out of school who would have worked alongside more experienced engineers or journeymen in the past. Who are now very often thrust into a job on their own to sink or swim. The good news here on these forums is that they can get an answer that at least points them in the right direction.
Ok now stepping down from soapbox,
B.E.
The good engineer does not need to memorize every formula; he just needs to know where he can find them when he needs them. Old professor