Hi, hope all you are well. Any one work on process envelop of refinery its means that work on damage mechanism in refinery, such that the top product of CDU is naphtha what was the effect of naptha at which temperature in pipe and the composition present in it cause which effect. Any one which has knowledge and working on reinery equipmentand product causes damage mechanism please share with me. thanks
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Refinery product corrosion effeect
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Dhurjati Sen
Materials
I have come across many CDUs where the top product is off-gas that is sent to flare or recovered partially as fuel gas.
Below it comes LPG & then naphtha.
DHURJATI SEN
Kolkata, India
Below it comes LPG & then naphtha.
DHURJATI SEN
Kolkata, India
rscosta1976
Materials
Your description it is not very clear. Are you asking about CDU overhead system IOWs?
To define IOWs one needs to consider materials of construction, configuration of your specific unit, normal operating conditions, feed source, feed rate, etc., just to name a few aspects to take into consideration.
Besides the references above, please also try NACE PUB. 34109.
Hope this helps.
To define IOWs one needs to consider materials of construction, configuration of your specific unit, normal operating conditions, feed source, feed rate, etc., just to name a few aspects to take into consideration.
Besides the references above, please also try NACE PUB. 34109.
Hope this helps.
On top of overhead CDU as pH increases toward the neutral region the concentration of bisulphide ion in solution increases. It has been demonstrated by several investigators that there is a sharp increase to the rate of corrosion in the region of pH 6.8 to 7.3. The sharp increase in corrosion rate is apparently the result of faster reduction of bisulphide ions both from the scale lattice and solution. As the scale lattice is altered FeS is released, exposing unreacted iron, and the FeS enters the water phase. In a crude unit this phenomena is recognized as black water.
The dissociation of H2S in HS- and S++ is minimum at 5 pH.
A good and proper water wash would probably be the key to minimize corrosion problems on overhead distillation units. The quality of water wash is very important.
In our crude unit we used continuous water washing of the overhead air coolers. The water from the dessalters is refluxed through a feed water drum to the inlet nozzles of air coolers header boxes. When water is saturated and chloride contents on overhead drum are above 50 PPM we empty the feed water drum and we add make up water. The optimum water wash should be with demineralised but this is not economic.
The standard wash water quality normally is as fallows:
Ph ? 5.5-7.5
Total hardness- < or = 50PPM
Total HCO3- and CO3- content < or = 50PPM
Ammonium hydrosulphide (NH4HS) < or = 100PPM
Chloride < or = 2000PPM
Sulphate < or = 200PPM
Oxygen < or = 1PPM
Long ago because of ammonium chloride under deposit corrosion and difficulties in stabilizing pH we give up injecting liquid NH3, we start controlling Ph with a neutralize inhibitor up stream overhead air coolers. On overhead line of the column we have a corrosion inhibitor injection. Down stream of dessalters we have a caustic injection to neutralize the chlorides. This caustic injection should be as much as possible stequiometric, we should inject caustic OHNA in the same proportion of the salts we have at dessalters outlet. The caustic injection is to form sodium chloride salts at dessalters outlet and not to control PH. The caustic limit injection of 12 PPM of OHNA at dessalters outlet is to avoid caustic embritllement downstream dessalters equipment minimizing as much as possible coking formation at crude heaters. The caustic injection should be performed through a proper quill. From times to times is important to check quill condition.
Good dessalters performance is also a good way to control crude overhead corrosion.
Try to get good advice on this subject from Baker or Nalco,they will help you.
The dissociation of H2S in HS- and S++ is minimum at 5 pH.
A good and proper water wash would probably be the key to minimize corrosion problems on overhead distillation units. The quality of water wash is very important.
In our crude unit we used continuous water washing of the overhead air coolers. The water from the dessalters is refluxed through a feed water drum to the inlet nozzles of air coolers header boxes. When water is saturated and chloride contents on overhead drum are above 50 PPM we empty the feed water drum and we add make up water. The optimum water wash should be with demineralised but this is not economic.
The standard wash water quality normally is as fallows:
Ph ? 5.5-7.5
Total hardness- < or = 50PPM
Total HCO3- and CO3- content < or = 50PPM
Ammonium hydrosulphide (NH4HS) < or = 100PPM
Chloride < or = 2000PPM
Sulphate < or = 200PPM
Oxygen < or = 1PPM
Long ago because of ammonium chloride under deposit corrosion and difficulties in stabilizing pH we give up injecting liquid NH3, we start controlling Ph with a neutralize inhibitor up stream overhead air coolers. On overhead line of the column we have a corrosion inhibitor injection. Down stream of dessalters we have a caustic injection to neutralize the chlorides. This caustic injection should be as much as possible stequiometric, we should inject caustic OHNA in the same proportion of the salts we have at dessalters outlet. The caustic injection is to form sodium chloride salts at dessalters outlet and not to control PH. The caustic limit injection of 12 PPM of OHNA at dessalters outlet is to avoid caustic embritllement downstream dessalters equipment minimizing as much as possible coking formation at crude heaters. The caustic injection should be performed through a proper quill. From times to times is important to check quill condition.
Good dessalters performance is also a good way to control crude overhead corrosion.
Try to get good advice on this subject from Baker or Nalco,they will help you.
ProSafPlant1
Petroleum
This paper from a 2008 AIChE conference is available by Googling.
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