Stainless steel 316 4

[mcquillan]

Hello,
Does anybody know if stainless steel 316 can withstand moderate stresses at temperatures in the range of 900 degrees celsius? Where can I get data on its tensile strength at these temperatures?

Thank You

 

[NickE]

Not much is very strong at that temperature, also a problem is the environment. most steel will probably scale up and have lots of surface oxidation. You might wnat to try the nickel or cobalt based superalloys. hmmm. 1650F huh-- evne then you may have troubles due to corrosion. hopefully this is not a fatigue application. try mat web using the prperty based searches...

I've been working w/ Hastelloy750x (or thereabouts) and the supplier said that it will resist corrosion to --> 1300F.

Expect that at 1650 to have much lower Modulus, tensile strength, elong, and yield.

expect values for Young's from low teens to low twentys (10^6psi) maybe even less.

Yeilds vary widely. some as low as 8ksi the highest in my quick reference is 100ksi For Astroloy

Elongation varies widely also some alloys will get less strechy others will stretch a bunch more.


Hope this helps
nick


Nick
I love materials science!

 

[TEV]

At these temperatures you need nickel base superalloys with a high volume fraction of gamma prime precipitate. IN100, for example. Try Special Metals Website.

 

[aybee]

too hot for 316 will scale and lose strength, try looking at one of the Inco alloys or VDM

 

[CalvinKelly]

Depends on how much strength you need. TYPICAL ultimate tensile at 900F is about 58ksi, 0,2% offset yield about 17ksi. Source:ASTM Data Series DS 5S2, 1969, written by G.V. Smith.
If that is not enough strength, then do specify what you need, what product form do you intend to use--sheet, plate, bar or pipe? All alloys are not available in all product forms. And will you be welding it?
As far as scaling, 900F is barely hot enough to get a temper color (interference film) to form 0n 316L in the open air.
Maybe other problems if it is in very stagnant atmospheric conditions, like having part of it coated with refractory.
By the way, your metal will be 316L. It might be dual certified 316/316L but chances are it will indeed be 316L, that is, 0.03% carbon max. Real live regular 316 or 316H can be had, but it is rather difficult to find.
Kelly

 

[Metalguy]

CalvinKelly,

Good post, but he has 900 deg. C, not F.

 

[mcquillan]

There will not be a very large strength requirement and the service will not be long term; probably one hour daily, the construction is simple, from rods and plates. Does anybody have experience with 309? I believe that it has good heat resistance, how is its machineability? Better bet than 316?

Thank you for the help

 

[Metalguy]

309 and the slightly higher Cr 310 should work fine for you.

 

[mcguire]

309 is used for heat treating furnaces such as crbon steel annealling boxes which function at about 1500F. Avesta makes a material called 253MA which has rare earths to reduce scaling. This material outperforms 309, which is in turn better than 316. 310 is better than 309.
TEV has the best advice with nickel based superalloys, unless you want to design to a very finite life.

 

[hacksaw]

you can get some of the data from the ASM handbook series that deals with high temperature alloys.

another starting point is the allowable stress tables for B31.3. 316 does not have much high temp. strength. 309/310 will give you a bit more depending on the grade but are far from perfect.

316 is not really useful at those temperature in the long term, but it sounds like you consider it an expendable, no brainer design.

there are number of stainless alloys good to 1100 C with good strength and corrosion resistance and rated for higher temps in the short term. However, you don't want to use them from through-away solutions.

 

[NickE]

Hacksaw- are you sure there are stainless steels with good strength to 1100C (2012F)?

nick


Nick
I love materials science!

 

[rolledalloy]

309 and 310 stainlesses are suitable for your temperature. With strength being a consideration you may want to consider looking at the RA 253 MA (11Ni-21Cr-Ce-N) or RA330 (35Ni-19Cr) These alloys offer greater strenght at 1650F than 309 or 310 along with equal or better temperature resistance. Only issue with the RA 253 MA is lack of round bar availability.

Rolled Alloys (

http://www.rolledalloys.com),

offers a bulleting that has the short term tensile, creep-rupture, thermal expansion rates, and ASME code values for alloys ranging from 304 and 410 stainlesses to the high nickel alloys such as RA330, alloy 601, and alloy 718. Covers temperatures from RT to 2200F. Referenced as bulletin 100, "Properties of Alloys for High Temperature Service."

 

[sayee1]

NiDi has the following good papers for you buffs out there.
1. Heat and Corrosion resistant castings- their engineering properties and applications
2.High temperature characteristics of stainless steels
3. Properties of some metals and alloys.
4. Mechanical and physical properties of the austenitic Chromium-Nickel stainless steels at subzero temperatures.
5. Mechanical and physical properties of the austenitic Chromium-Nickel stainless steels at ambient temperatures.

There are many more in the series but s.no 2 is very good relevant to this post while 5,4,3 and 1 are ready reckoners which is a "must" have.

Suggested Max service temperatures in air
Intermittent service continuous service
316 870C(1600F) 925C(1700F)
309 980C(1800F) 1095C(2000F)
310 1035C(1900F) 1150C(2100F)
The paper also gives modulus of elasticity at these temperatures, but I am not sure how to interpret those results.
This is as given in TABLE 5 of S.NO 2 above.
Data below is for annealed sheets:
UTS
309 80F 90 ksi
1500F 27 ksi
1700F 16 ksi
310 80F 95 ksi
1500F 29.5 ksi
1700F 17 ksi
316 80F 84 ksi
1500F 27 ksi
1700F 11.6 ksi



Thanks and regards
Sayee Prasad R
Ph: 0097143968906
Mob: 00971507682668
email: sayee_prasad@yahoo.com
The whole of science is nothing more than a refinement of everyday thinking!!!

 

[JimMetalsCeramics]

Inconels are a good choice, even in open air. If appropriate to your application, you might consider ceramics. What are the specifics on your appliocation?

 

[hacksaw]

Haynes makes a number of alloys that will surprise you almost as much as the price tag.

We've used them at 900-950 oC in excess of 5 years in a corrosive service. There are good to 1100 oC or so.

 

[davefitz]

first of all, the H version of 316H is required at high temperatures.

much higher hi temp stresses can be had with tungsten and cobalt modified 310 SS, called by Sumitomo as HR3C. It is tough to find a weld filler that can be use and yet have adequate ductile properties.

Other alternatives: See the July 17 issue of Nature - there are new Japanese alloys now available for 900C with long creep life, not yet commericialized.

Also, there are ceramics being developed us US DOE ( Oak Ridge) which are suitable at 900C

 

[JimMetalsCeramics]

With more info on the application conditions, it may be reasonable to use ceramics (e. g., SiC, graphite, Al2O3). Otherwise, I would use Inconel.