Vibro Ground Improvement

[ONENGINEER]

There are a number of ground improvement processes under Vibroflotation. Including are vibro-displacement, vibro-replacement, vibroflotation stone columns, displacement stone columns, vibro-compaction, vibro piers, gravel piers, impact piers,... It seems there are some parallel names with maybe commercial incentives. I am looking for one of the most credible reference/standards in North America to address the definition or methodologies for each type and use the terms meaningfully in formal reports. Thank you for your feedback in advance.

 

[oldestguy]

The only standard I used was specifying a certain relative density as the result. Sometimes hard to prove, but use of Standard penetration test was resorted to for deep compaction.