Voltage magnitude & angle decrease in radial network

[draynor]

Hi, can someone please explain to me the fundamental principle behind why you experience a pu voltage magnitude and voltage angle drop across a radial network from generators outwards?

Equations showing the reason would be massively appreciated!! I'm struggling a little to explain why this happens.

Many thanks!!!!

 

[davidbeach]

Any of the power system analysis books listed in faq238-1287 should have your answers.

 

[waross]

Start with:
E=IR
E=IX
E=IZ
E Voltage
I Current
X Reactance
Z Impedance
The voltage or EMF is what it is. When different sources are connected in parallel there may be a slight difference in voltage phase angle. If the input to the prime mover of a generator is increased the voltage angle will advance slightly as this unit picks up a greater percentage of the load.
Reactive currents either lead or lag the voltage by 90 degrees. There may be a current phase angle change across a network. At any point in a network (between load connection points) the current will be a combination of real current and reactive current depending on the characteristics of the loads and conductors between load connection points. Once you determine the resistance and reactance of both the loads and the segments of distribution conductors, apply the formulas given above. Use the X\R ratio and some trig. to get the angles.

Bill
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"Why not the best?"
Jimmy Carter