Who or what mandates required IP rating for equipment?

[UnOwen]

Hello everyone
I understand the IP ratings, the numbers, and what the equipment is protected against.
I can't find out who or what dictates what IP rating is required in which environment. For example, a motor may be rated IP 22 or IP 23 but who or what dictates it must be either of the two if installed outside?
Is it a code, the weather at the location it's been installed, the end user, or good engineering judgment? Who or what would mandate "this motor must be IP 23 if installed in this condition"?
Thanks

 

[Gr8blu]

UnOwen: The two major sources for an enclosure are the end user (specification) and/or authority having jurisdiction (AHJ). Note that the AHJ may come in the form of a series of industry specifications (such as API) or a manufacturing "standard" (such as NEMA or IEC). In both cases, the general result is typically based on prior experience (well, we know THAT did/did not work ...).

Converting energy to motion for more than half a century

 

[UnOwen]

Thanks Gr8blu, that makes ense. Appriciate the quick respone. Just curious if there is an example for an AHJ and the code it would refer to?

 

[Gr8blu]

North American Electrical Code. NFPA70 (2005 edition). Check Article 502.125 subsections A and B, as reasonable examples.

Converting energy to motion for more than half a century