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Guidance needed regarding location and non locating bearings

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Jugaado Engineer

Mechanical
Mar 13, 2024
3
Hello Everyone,
I hope you are doing well. I wanted to ask regarding the concept of locating and non locating bearings in a bearing housing and how to identify which is locating bearing and which is non locating bearing in a case when both the bearings being used are of the same designation for example if both ends of the shaft contain the bearing 22320-E1 then how to differentiate which is locating bearing and which is non locating.

Bearing_Housing_ciwh5p.jpg

The image above shows the bearing housing​

Now in the above photo, one bearing was close to the motor while the other bearing was close to the ID Fan. Now how would i tell which is locating and which is non locating. Moreover, what type of bearing is typically used for locating bearing and what are the properties generally seen while selecting locating and non locating bearing?

One more case is that what is the reason for this collar on a bearing housing. According to the diagram it states that the bearing placed before this collar is the locating bearing and the bearing sitting on the other end is the non locating bearing.

Bearing_Housing_with_collar_rivsaw.jpg

This is the collar i am talking about? What is the reason for this collar in a bearing housing for locating bearing? Is it to withstand a certain amount of load or movement of bearing?

Bearing_Housing_without_collar_dkqmgf.jpg

This is the place where the non locating bearing is present in the bearing housing.

If both(locating and non locating) are same bearings like 22320-E1 and since this bearing is used to withstand high radial loads then it would mean both the locating and non locating bearing should withstand the same type of radial laod? Then how come one is being called locating and the other is called non locating and what is the reason for the presence of collar in bearing housing?

Kindly answer as it would really help me clear a lot of concepts. I know these are quite beginner questions but i cannot wrap my mind around this concept.
 
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The collar you circled, combined with the bearing cap that restrains it in the opposite direction, make that the 'locating' bearing. Since each bearing outer diameter is sized to a clearance or very light press fit, you need a physical feature (collar/shoulder) to keep one bearing outer race locked in place in the axial direction. Otherwise the shaft will move axially and crash, even if the operating loads are only radial.

It is easiest to locate one bearing per shaft to allow thermal growth. There are other ways to do it, but one locating / one floating bearing is simplest.

Spherical rollers, double tapered rollers, and ball bearings are the identical bearing codes regardless of whether they are installed as locating or floating. Single tapered rollers must be located in one direction only for each bearing. Cylindrical rollers have internal shoulder options that will help establish if they function as locating or floating.
 
geesaman.d has good advice as usual. He knows a lot more about bearings than me.

I agree with his comments fwiw. The locating bearing outer is probably clamped between that collar on one side and another piece when you assemble the bearing cap.
 
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