It may be a bit more efficient to bolt a channel to the underside or face of that opening to resist the deep beam tension loads. The bolts would need to be sized for shear flow for composite action.
I would actually consider the wall segment above as a large deep beam spanning between the opening. I would check the allowable shear and bending stresses vs those allowed for unreinforced brick masonry (these are quite low, around 30 PSI). I would of course reinforce the span with a steel...
Thank you all for your responses. For reference, here's the wall framing and curtain-wall in question, and pinky-sized anchor bolts. If there is any consolidation, there was rigid bridging installed so there could be some load sharing between the studs:
I've run into some unique ethical and professional challenges on a small tenant finish-out project, and I’d really appreciate some insight.
The scope of my work involved designing a 20-foot-tall cold-formed steel and hot-rolled steel building façade to support a curtain wall system, several...
After further consideration, I expect that fabric-wrapped backfill would be analyzed similarly to a stacked gravity retaining wall (such as a gabion wall or stacked limestone block wall), where sliding and overturning stability need to be evaluated for each individual unit. However, I'm...
Hi everybody,
I frequently get asked to evaluate older retaining walls, and I'm trying to develop some typical cost-effective reinforcement details for walls deemed inadequate. For context, I'm currently assessing a 4-foot-tall reinforced concrete cantilever retaining wall that's approximately...
I've been using classic AutoCAD for all of my drafting and detailing over my entire career. I'm really fast and efficient doing it the old way, but I'm curious if there is a better way or newer specialized software to try out. The detailing process is super laborious and tedious so I'm looking...
Also it might be wise to use a larger angle, L6X4X5/16. The 6" allows for bolts to be pushed up slightly more, and I think 4" is needed for proper bearing with a 5 1/2" brick cavity.
I try to avoid loading wood perpendicular to grain except in instances with light loadings. However, I've done this detail frequently without any issues so far, with 2 or 3 LVL ply's. I always note for the brick lintel to have 6" of bearing on brick each end to provide some rotational support...
Analyze the structure using direct analysis method (DAM). Apply notional loads to a the structure with reduced stiffness, perform p-delta analysis. Check lateral drift and column stability.
This is a serious crack if it is propagating through deep concrete walls. The cracks are symmetric and are located at the geometric center of the foundation. The foundation may be settling parallel with the observed cracks. The soils can be heaving if you are in an area with expansive clays...
What is the distance of the bolts to edge of concrete? It's common for concrete to spall due to inadequate concrete cover between the bolts and edge of concrete. Where cyclical horizontal and vertical stresses will weaken concrete adjacent to the bolts. How old is the structure? the steel...
I never said ALL welders are meth addicts, only a certain percentage which is a 100% true statement. Ya'll need to hang out more with the people who build the structures, I was one of them. They are great people with their own share of problems like everyone in this world. Drug use and...
3 ft seems pretty light and reasonable for expansive clays. If you design anything less then there is a chance the structure will move. Would you be willing to design a structure that will move around?
I don't mean to push stereotypes, I've met many welders who are my friends. They openly talk about their drug use which is extraordinarily common in the industry. The point I'm trying to make is to not design welded structures at the bare minimum of what is calculated. There are always other...
Do not put much trust and faith in welders, lot of them are meth addicts. I would definitely weld the full tube together, not just top and bottom. See image below from one of my projects:
