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We are performing remodeling work for a one-floor wooden building in New Jersey, US built in 1957. One of the tasks is to evaluate the existing roof capacity for possible additional loading. The existing roof is 2x10 rafters at 16" OC across two spans of 17' and 15'. The roof has an 11/16 to...

Wow....you gys are great. Now, I have a better idea what to do. Thank you guys. You are very helpful.

How to calculate the cross-sectional moment capacity of a composite metal deck with concete and wire mesh? I have a renovation project which needs to evaluate the existing composite deck with new mechanical units hanging underneath the deck. After comparing with some catalogs, it has been...

Thanks, Guys/Ladies We have very interesting doscussion here. Based on my opinions, I would like to list the footing design loads in the column table because that is what the column and foundation were designed for. Like hokie66 said, the unfactored loads were used before USD. I just don't...

I practice engineering in DC, VA, and MD area. All concrete buildings including garages show this unfactored load. Some engineers intent to put larger numbers for this load. Since I do not really know what and who will use these numbers, it makes me concern about what numbers should I put in...

These are concrete buildings and concrete columns.

In my area, building engineers typically indicate "unfactored column loads" in column schedule under each column. 1. What are these column loads for? Who will use these loads and for what applications? 2. What should be included in this "unfactored column loads"? Pu = 1.0DL + 1.0LL? 3...

prsconsultant, your input is greatly appreciated.

We are designing a scissor ramp garage with 200'x60' dimensions. As usual, the shear walls are located at the center of the garage as two "T" shapes. The tips of the "Ts" are columns with spread footings. This setting helps the soil pressure at tips of shear walls. It also helps to resist...

Does anyone know how to get CADD details for PT Slab-to-Shear Wall Joint Details? Please help. This is our first time to use shear walls along with post-tensioned slab. We have a 200'x60' scissor ramp parking garage. The elevated slabs are all post-tensioned. The shear walls are located at...

Thank for the comments about the wood structure. How about the underground portion of the building? Shall I only model the podium slab with wood structure for seismic? How about the underground portion of the building? Thanks.

I have a building in Maryland with the following information: 1. Three levels underground parking garage 2. Street level is a retail space 3. Second floor is a 14" thick concrete transfer floor 4. Four levels wood apartment building above the transfer floor. I am using RAM RSS and Concept to...

JMC3178: You may want to consult a light gage installer for the 12" stud and make sure they can get this size. I think, at most of time, 12" stud is not readily available and they are pricing too. In addition, you may want to check the web crippling for the 12" studs. Most of time, these 12"...

How about the attached details? I think this may be a better detail. 1. First of all, I will transfer the concentrated load from roof deck to one of the panel points to avoid top chord failure. 2. A 12" stud has the web crippling problem (I did check). It may be better to design a 6" stud to...

Great information. Thanks a lot for everyone.

I am working on a concrete flat plate parking garage using post-tension tendons. The columns are 27' CC with a slab thickness of 7.5". This project is located in Washington DC area. Traditionally, if we have beams and girders, we can design concrete frames to resist lateral loads. How about...

Try a 36"x48" beam with a PT force of 2,500 kips. If you ae using ADAPT PT, the program should adjust the PT force for you. If you are using RAM or other programs, you may want to do a trial-and-error in order to get an ultimate design. Like others said, you have to do "stage stressing" for...

I believe they are also called "Sand Chairs". They have been widely used for slab-on-grade construction. They are typically used to support rebars or even post-tensioning cables. I am not selling this product but here is a link which you can see what do they look like...