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I was thinking that any ICE has wery low thermal efficiency. Even modern diesels with common rail technology hardly achive 40% thermal efficiency. EURO 5 diesels has lower compression ratio 1:18 (Mazda skyactive for example) and by the ideal gas law they should be less fuel efficient but as they...

Besides known EGR principle to lower NOx and partly to heat up engine quicker will there be any benefit to warm air intake throuh exhaust heat exchanger. By ideal gas law higher than compression ratio higher the efficiency of the engine (of course CR engines in practise has retard injection to...

I thought power factor is: Power Factor = ( watts ) / (volt amps ) Power Factor = True power / Apparent power Efficiency = Output / Input

I read that variabile displacement piston pump aslo looses efficiency with plate angle and they report that overal efficiency in hydrostatic transmission in practise won't exceed 50 to 60% efficiency. As you mentioned I read that much is lost in the piping especialy on tight turns. So...

They use either planetary gears with torque converter like cars do or diesel electric like diesel lcomotives. None uses hydrostatic transmision like excavator does with variabile displacement axial piston pump and fixed displacement axial piston motor. if we look overall transmision efficiency...

Let me check I get it right.... Old high compression ratio diesels get high compression temperatures on the end of compression stroke, thus when injector opens fuel molecules ignite right away, causing unefficient burn (PM and NOx particles are formed) and rapid change in cylinder pressure. By...

I don't know that any such regulation exist especialy for wood and oil heating, rather than anual chimney cleaning. Although burning wood is accepted as ecologicaly, fact is that burning wood in a stove or fireplace produce large amount of PM, especialy when wood is not perfectly dry and...

I don't realy know what causes NOx and PM formation they say that diesel engines produce those since there is excess air and high burning temperature but I know that ICE burning process is not continouse like it is in a turbofan engine where oil is conntinously burned in a burner. Does PM and...

Problems with modern aftertreatment exhaust systems is that they need at least 3 bar pressure. Cylinder pressure at BDC on attkinson cycle is almost that of ambient air.

I was watching Mazda's skyactive diesel tecnology promotional video. They claim that by lowering compression ratio to 14:1 they lowered emissions and also improved fuel efficiency. In regular diesels injection begins when piston is at round 35°TDC but with skyactive D injection starts at 0°...