I'd suggest also not to rule out product induced cracking. When I First read it, my mind when straight to stress corrosion cracking, which usually presents itself as traverse cracks, always initiating from the inside surface. In my industry this is a key damage mechanism, in particular from...
Google tells me that
ASTM A668/A668M-23
1.6 Appendix X1 lists the current classes corresponding to the various classes of Specifications A235, A237, and A243, which have been superseded by this specification.
Maybe start there
If you need to original, I had a look at my organization's...
The thing to keep in mind is that pretty much all ASME flanges were designed based on Trial and Error / Testing around 100 years ago give or take, not on calculations. So you are unlikely to find an answer based on calculations*** for the question "At what pressure will it start to leak"...
MY thoughts
I'm assuming this is actually a torque arm / physical thing, and not a calculated value via a VFD / VSD / VFVV Drive
Things it will probably tell you;
1) Long term efficiency trend, i.e power output vs electrical power input, if the efficacy drops off, could be a sign of some sort...
It's designer choice.... but having being in operating plants for a long time, the most "useful" version is to define 0 Deg as the manway door / maintenance entrance and work clockwise from that, when looking down from above. (when doing tank inspections, very annoying to have to find plant...
what I've come across
Practical considerations
1) Ease of maintenance for things that a regularly un-bolted
2) concerns over corrosion of studs / flange itself (can be somewhat mitigated by coatings / material choice)
3) Ease of leak identification if left un-insulated.
Technical / Design
1)...
Not reliably, technically it could work, but the temp change is orders of magnitude lower than background noise levels (think issues like different surface colors, sun vs shade, and a whole host of other factors related to how thermal cameras work). But have seem it done extensively to locate...
1) General good practice is to ignore the weld overlay in calcs. I've seen plenty of pipes and vessels with weld overlays and have never seen anyone take credit for its thickness in the pressure boundary calcs, it has always been treated as an extra corrosion allowance. *There maybe some...
My experience (although with smaller diameters) is leaks in RTJ's are normally related to thermal expansion issues and/or external loads on the flanges.
However, if you have the chance, I'd cut out the RTJ flange and put in some RF flanges with a spiral wound gasket, or even better as you...
I've done a few of these over the years, and general things to consider
1) It is assumed that the patch will see the full design pressure. The scenario of concern is that even if a tiny hole appears in the parent material, the fluid will fill the cavity and expose the patch to the full vessel...
Just as another reference point, google search "plate pack" heat exchangers. They use the same principle, but are normally rectangular, not circular. Ultimately, I think you'll find that they are an evolution of trial and error (i.e. physical testing), backed up by a calculation or two along...
Assuming it is some sort of Engineered Product, then the vendor would have done a design for the specific wrap that was performed. The answer becomes - talk to the vendor.
If it is something that the owner has installed as per a manual, then the owner is on-the-hook to be the designer / they...
as per DekDee, it's not in the piping codes. The Australian code (virtually a carbon copy of B31.x codes), has a vague reference to it.
My only take on where it is useful is to make sure draftspersons / designers use the rule, so that they don't put branches and attachments too close together...
Before you get too far into it, might want to check what "AI" actually means in the current hype cycle.
Broadly there are two things
1) "Machine Learning" - has been around forever, based around neural networks. From an end user point of view, feed the computer samples of things, and manually...
I have experience in the world of slurries. Typically, air filled / no bladder is what is used. I haven't been exposed to the "resonator" type ones.
For no bladder / air filled, you will require an air source to continually supply a bladderless accumulator, as the air does mix with the...
Hi Mike,
1. If with available vibration measurement is possible to have any conclusion on the possible causes.
- Can't rule everything out, it does narrow it down
- I'd sgguest that "whats left" list is
* Imbalance
* Mis-alignment
* Looseness (could be soft foot, resonance, loose bearing block...
I've got plenty of hydrated lime piping that's 20 years old and is carbon steel, no signs of corrosion.
Erosion is a separate issue, more related to it being a slurry than a corrosion issue. Will often see hardened steel (usually stainless) around control valves to manage erosion issues...
It's one of those historical things that's converged over time. At the heart of B31.3 / B31.3 there is currently a safety factor of 3 on "burst". By why 3? well it used to be much higher, because that's what it needed to be to stop people dying in the old days. As we got better at fabrication...
@KevinNZ, completely agree this is what happens in real life. Then the equipment remains out of service for a longer time while a bunch of engineers go and do FFS work. The original designer doesn't care, they've moved onto the next project and continue to "save money" by eliminating all...
I agree, something a bit broader like "principles & practical application of forensic evidence gathering" would be what is worthwhile
Learn how important it is the gather evidence
Labelling evidence
take photos
Use scale devices (e.g. ruler, coin etc for sense of size)
take USEFUL notes
take...
