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Hi. You can see prior austenite boundaries with nital in some cases, depending heavily on thermal history. In the as-cast coarse prior austenite state the boundaries are very clear with nital.

Hi Maui. The Leica software was able to do this and was quite user-friendly for removing artifacts. The problem is more on the high number of D-thin for E45 Method D, it would take longer to go through each field for these tiny inclusions than it would to just rate it manually.

Thanks Friends.

Hi Friends. I am looking at purchasing a new optical microscope that has automated inclusion analysis (image analysis) per ASTM E45. When the unit was demonstrated, it counted roughly 4X more D-thin inclusions in E45 Method D rating than our metallographer found. Another metallographer from a...

Hi Vnajati. You will need a low C iron source and electrolytic Mn.

I am not able to see your link to comment on the figures that you have noted. That said, the plot of G vs r is typically used just to show the inflection point noted as r* where the precipitate becomes energetically stable, and any increase in r will result in a lowering of the total free...

Hi Turbulent. It sound like you want the ultimate compromise of a good steady income and a doctoral degree. It is possible to do this - painful but possible. With the right student, sponsor and university you can try to arrange to study part-time for a doctoral degree while continuing to work...

OK, thank you for the clarification. I think it is always important to note the very different aspects of environmental hydrogen induced cracking versus hydrogen flaking. Although caused by the same element, they are essentially unrelated when discussing prevention. Cheers!

Mr. McGuire, are you suggesting that vacuum treatment of steels is a pointless measure to prevent hydrogen flaking???

I will give you some information from experience, hopefully it is helpful! Regarding nitrogen, there is concern with high nitrogen causing hot ductility issues in the grades mentioned, but for most steel production methods you should be less than 120 ppm N and the potential for problems is...

Just another opinion... ARL is our preferres OES vendor. They make great units. I think Spectro leaves a lot to be desired in customer service, they are maybe one of the most difficult companies to deal with. That said, we have a couple of their units as well and the equipment performs well.

I have used the following: FeCrN FeMnN Si3N4 Both the Cr and Mn methods show good and consistent recovery, Si3N4 is somewhat more variable.

correct, this formula I have seen before on 9-12 Cr steels except with the Mn factor being 2 not s. That part may be a typo.

Definitely will need to use a button melter or a small induction coil. At the end of the day, you will need to add virgin alloys of each element not just Ni and Cr due to dilution from the ~15% alloy addition you want to make. Just in case this is homework, I will not do the work for you...

Carbon footprint will depend solely on the size of the carbon boot.

Much appreciated, Ceramicguy. I will make the corrections and contact your suggested vendor.

Hi everyone. I am somewhat out of my element here, please help. Trying to get some small custom made quartz crucibles produced for hot tension testing of steel. Having trouble getting anyone to quote and I need to know why so I can properly re-design. The troublesome parts are a quartz...

Coreman73- For metal failure analysis it is also worthwhile to consider an R.J.Lee PSEM. It is a small SEM with EDS capability but at a MUCH better price than most other SEMs. Typically for failure analysis of metals you will not need 30,000X to identify the cause of failure. These units...

Just my two cents, but the complexity of producing a quality finished product from scrap metal seems to be somewhat underestimated in the way your question is posed.

Not sure of your location, but I would think that your local engineering university may have the equipment if they are metallurgically strong.