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hokie66- I agree. I just want to highlight that stresses (although not much) do exist within a freshly poured slab/structure. :) DiggDug "Things change but nothing changes"

Your gonna need more than a "good book," your going to need a computer program. "Things change but nothing changes"

Well that explains a few things. Our project was only supposed to be a RRR project and ended up re-constructing about 30 mitred ends along with their accompanying side drains. All exercised via work orders!!There's about a quarter of a million dollars in W.O's alone! I guess there is...

I think the county and city call them "change" orders. The state calls them work orders. For example....the contractor won the job and started working. He then realizes that he bid for like 30000 feet of ductile iron pipe without considering the tracer wire (wire attached and backfilled to the...

It gets rather confusing. Thanks for clarifying. I'm in the CEI industry and I see nothing but Work Orders all over everyone's desk. From what I've been told, there is contingency money in these state contracts that are strictly for work orders in case there are issues that need fixed that fall...

Try looking at some good geotechnical literature. The pole base actually performs as a footing, only its circular. Treat it as a circular footing with a direct load being added to it. There are many equations to use that gives you the demensions of the base granted that you know the applied...

I concur. It definately appears like just an architectural piece of equipment to support the glass. Could also be some form of load transfer to/from the glass to the beam without shattering it. GREAT DESIGN :)))))))))

That makes more sense Sam72....thanks. How are supplemental agreements related to work orders?

Hoakie- 1)If my statements are not true...then why does concrete require rebar? 2) Concrete does crack while curing...its called SHRINKAGE Cracking. Actually, alot of the cracking will ocur during the curing process due to stresses and strains. It is very important that these characteristics...

This is obviously a no brainer to some. However, my company does work orders from time to time on our projects. It is confusing to me. How are supplemental agreements related to work orders?

Ron/Cher122976- Why design for a graded aggregate base when you are miles away from any L/R quarry? Substitute the base with thicker asphalt i.e black base. You'll save money by simply adding 8 to 12 inches of Asphalt in lou of an aggregate base. To add,you said max load is only 6500lbs that...

Why are they called "SUICIDE" lanes? That doesn't make any sense. How can you have a two way lane? Maybe I missed 60 minutes last night.

Concrete Masonry.....nevermind

No headwall, just a long ditch bottom that runs underneath a few driveways. It ends into a local creek. But I think you've answered the question for me. I have heard the same...that typically either equal to or a bit higher than the invert. Even when we sodded the bottom it was still about...

Maybe I'm making this harder than it is. However these thigs do happen. We've had some heavy rains and water sat along the ditch nottoms for weeks at a time. Ground was so saturated already where the water wouldn't even perk into the ground.I guess that's a crash course in drainage 101!

Is there any common rule of thumb with setting the elevation of a pipe invert (where the mitred end exists) with relation to the ditch bottom. I've heard many diferent schools of thought on this. Contractors appear to build the ditch bottoms slightly (approx. 2 tenths of a foot) lower than the...

I definately concur with CVG and all you guys. It appears that dewatering is/has become an issue lately since last I was in the buisness. It's very tempting to have/apply for an NPDES permit and think your covered but your not. However other agencies are involved. Too many permits, not enough...

CVG- The General NPDES has alot to do with dewatering. You may want to do some more research.

The General NPDES permit I think covers the dewatering provided that all discharges are dealt with accordingly. If you file for a NPDES permit for a certain project it covers dewatering. IT IS NOT LIMITED TO EROSION CONTROL AND SEDIMENT CONTROL.

Good point f-d. Here in Florida recently(last week actually) there were several sinkholes activated. Many home owners blamed nearby orangegrove owners for overwatering thier trees during the freeze to prevent destroying the produce. Taking water away from the soil actually decreases the...