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Hello everyone, I need to analyze pre-cast concrete roof joists (see attached photo, steel decking on the joists). They are sort of like a Tee shape but with a very short flange. The stem is tapered like a normal single Tee beam or joist. Has anyone come across this before? Any suggestion...

Agent666, Thank you and I agree with your comments. My intent is to use moment frames of sufficient stiffness in the ground level so that the soft story can be eliminated. (i.e. ensuring the frame stiffness is at least 70% of the stories above.). These types of buildings are becoming...

Shotzie, Thank you for your comment. No, I cannot change SFRS for the upper stories. The shaft alone is not sufficient.

Shu Jiang, Thank you for your comment. I believe I can still use equivalent static analysis as the overall bldg height is under 20 or 22m. I am still in discussion with the owners and architect trying to persuade them to implement some shear walls on the ground level to eliminate vertical...

JLNJ, To my knowledge, there is nothing in the Ontario Building that says soft stories are not permitted. Therefore, a soft story is allowed but dynamic analysis may be required and the frame system needs to be designed accordingly for the large lateral forces?

Hi JLNJ, The project is located in Ontario Canada. Site class is unknown at this time., Below are seismic date for the site: Sa(0.2) = 0.25 Sa(0.5)=0.16 Sa(1.0)=0.088 Sa(2.0)=0.028 PGA=0.1 The Ontario Building Code would govern the design.

Hello everyone, I am relatively new to mid rise building design and am wondering if someone can provide some general guidance on how to deal with soft story at the ground level of a 7 story RC building. The SFRS for the upper stores are concrete or masonry shear walls. The ground story is...

Hello, I will be designing an integral abutment bridge supported on H piles and will be using a RSS wall system to create a false abutment, I am wondering if anyone could tell me where I can get a set plans for similar bridge as guide for drafting details. Any suggestions and/or guidance on...

Hi Folks, I am looking for advice on how to check the impact of sewer crossing under an existing watermain. Because one of the sewers doesn’t meet minimum separation from the existing concrete watermain the plan reviewer is concerned about support for the main above the sewers. Would shear...

I highly doubt the friction between the non-deformed steel surface and the concrete is of any significance. What type of pile do you have? pile or H?

An engineer should be hired to evaluate the structure. I would be less worried about cars getting wet and more about corrosion issues that can have major negative impacts on the structure. Hire a structural engineer with experience in structural rehab.

Agree with RF, shear key is a must.

The column should be slightly shorter and leveled as required by adjusting leveling nuts of the base anchor. Once leveled and proper contact is achieved at the top, the gap btw the base plate and the footing should be grouted as required. shoring and jacking of the beam is required for temp...

For the load, I suggest you consult your client to determine what live load is expected and then determine what AASHTO loading to use. All components of the bridge should be designed in accordance with AASHTO requirements.

I have nothing. That's the problem. I don't think the steel pans are standard anymore. None of the major suppliers seem to carry them. So I am wondering if there is any old literature on them.

Can anyone please tell me where I can find information on metal pans for flat roofs. The pans are topped with concrete. I need to find section properties, shear transfer mechanisms, etc so that I can assess the load capacity. Thanks, Quan

Any idea what section I have to look in?

The load factors are acceptable. I am a Canadian engineer but I imagine ASSHTO code would be similar and has provisions for proper load distribution.

I am working on a bridge rehab project; the existing structure consists of two span steel plate girders complete with a concrete deck simply supported on concrete abutments and a centre pier. The key tasks are to convert the existing deck to a semi-integral configuration over the abutments as...

High w/c ratio has a major effect on concrete durability and strength. I would not recommend increasing w/c ratio for better consolidation. I suggest using chemical admixture (i.e. plastizers) to get the workability and consolidation you need. Concrete with high w/c ratio are more susceptible...