Cantilever or other retaining wall connection of stem to base

[simplebm]

I would like some feedback about the connection of the stem of a cantilever or other retaining wall to the base.
The two methods I know of are: 1. shear key at the junction of the stem to the base
2. roughened or scarified top of base in conjunction with added reinforcing
from stem to base(per CRSI)
What are your preferences? Is there another common way I am not aware of?

 

[hokie66]

This topic has been discussed ad nauseum on this site. Suggest you use the search function first, then come back.

Most of those discussions relate to flexural efficiency of the joint, development of reinforcement, etc.

Keys within the width of the wall have been largely abandoned as effective, but full thickness keys are sometimes used.

Some engineers like the concept of shear friction as espoused by the ACI Code, but in reality, there seems to be a dearth of reports about direct shear failures at this joint, no matter how it is designed.

 

[simplebm]

Thanks hokie66. I found plenty of info using the search of this site as you said.