Continue to Site

Eng-Tips is the largest engineering community on the Internet

Intelligent Work Forums for Engineering Professionals

  • Congratulations waross on being selected by the Eng-Tips community for having the most helpful posts in the forums last week. Way to Go!

Dealing with Tsunamis 1

Status
Not open for further replies.

medeek

Structural
Mar 16, 2013
1,104
This topic is a bit off the beaten path for me and may not be appropriate for this particular board of the forum however I do know that the next itteration of the ASCE 7 will have a new chapter dealing with Tsunami Loads and Effects. I will be very interested to see the particulars of this chapter. Based on what I have read so far it will not apply to standard low rise residential structures. Obviously, the cost associated with designing a structure that could resist the loads imposed by even a minor tsunami (5-10 ft) would put these measures outside the range of a typical residential budget.

The recent article in The New Yorker:


has got me seriously thinking about the tsunami threat again here in Ocean Shores, Washington (where I do most of my work). Currently there is one road out of the town (peninsula) with an average elevation of less than 20 feet. The entire town is within the inundation zone of a major tsunami and it appears that we are overdue for one.

Given a recent study by the USGS it is all the more obvious that the only way to save lives in this community and others is with vertical evacuation. I like the idea of large mounds created strategically throughout the city with parks or other public facilities on top of them, however the cost of building up such mounds/structures will probably take some time to push through the system politically and financially.

In the short term I am wondering if a large barge like vessel(s) could provide an acceptable means of escape/evacuation. The vessel(s) could be easily be brought in offshore and then winched up onto dry land. They would need to be large enough to be able to withstand any debris or forces thrown at it by a tsunami and not be punctured or overturned. If they were large enough they would simply be picked up by the tsunami and smash through anything in their path. Think of them as large "tsunami lifeboats". As with any idea there are probably issues I am missing, tell me the flaws in this concept given your engineering judgement and insight.

What really gets me though is the sign posted right as you enter into Ocean Shores: A Tsunami Ready Community. Nothing could be further from the truth.

A confused student is a good student.
Nathaniel P. Wilkerson, PE
 
Replies continue below

Recommended for you

Looking at a NOAA inundation map for Ocean Shores, the maximum inundation water depth is ~8 meters. Other similar coastal communities are planning vertical evacuation structures. One that I saw was on top of a school. Everything was on piles designed for liquefaction and scour. The bottom 6 meters or so was designed with blowout panels. Incorporating the vertical evacuation structure with another essential facility may make it more palatable.
 
I wonder if the NOAA information factored in Cascadia. I have heard as much as 30 meters.

Mike McCann, PE, SE (WA)


 
It did, based on a magnitude 9.1 earthquake. Link

The actual inundation at a location varies greatly depending on distance from the source, angle to the source, etc...

The title of the NOAA study was "Modeling Tsunami Inundation from a Cascadia Subduction Zone Earthquake for Long Beach and Ocean Shores, Washington", dated 2007.

Medeek, do you know of an updated study?

I know they put a lot of effort into developing the inundation maps for ASCE 7-16. It may have used an updated model.


 
Seriously, I think a lot more information has become available on the tsunami issue since 2007, and I do not think it is all sensationalism. I just do not trust the 10 meter scenario.

Mike McCann, PE, SE (WA)


 
The Sumatran tsunanmi had confirmed waveheights in excess of 30m:
TTFN
faq731-376
7ofakss

Need help writing a question or understanding a reply? forum1529


Of course I can. I can do anything. I can do absolutely anything. I'm an expert!
There is a homework forum hosted by engineering.com:
 
From all the above posts, the conclusion appears obvious and alas pessimistic.

The main evacuation road will be possibly flooded before the inundation (liquefaction) and most probably jammed.
Shelters on piles have the problem of the design elevation, they would require deep piled foundations and high structural resistance to impacts from a high-density water mass mixed with debris.
Floating STATIM shelters look the best, but there should be a sufficient number, they only accomodate a couple of dozen people each as far as I've seen. Worst would be the initial impact with the tsunami wave, are the secure seatings secure enough?
Barges or vessels would probably not guarantee safety to people on board, if they keep floating upright, they should possess extra secure seatings.

The elevated fixed shelters would need a preliminary feasibility study, based on geotechnical data.
The STATIM shelters should be located in large numbers across the town. Once they are sealed, people who remains out are left to their destiny
Barges or vessels: the critical issue would be their location and the time required to get there in roads which will be probably flooded by liquefaction phenomena.

The scenario keeps being not an encouraging one.

 
The STATIM lifeboats look interesting but from an economic standpoint I think a few large barges would be cheaper an easier to maintain then hundreds of these smaller vessels.

A confused student is a good student.
Nathaniel P. Wilkerson, PE
 
Status
Not open for further replies.

Part and Inventory Search

Sponsor