Encryption does not necessarily make the file size significantly larger. The reason for size increase is due to the fact that encryption algorithms are typically block encryption algorithms. RSA (asymmetric key-sender and recipient have different keys) and AES (symmetric key-same key used both ends) both require data to be processed in blocks which are powers of two large. If the data is not large enough to fill an entire block, it will be "padded" with fake data and encrypted. This is the reason for the apparent size increase. This usually only happens on the last block, so the max size increase you should see would be just a few hundred extra kilobytes, which on a large office or pdf file wouldn't make much difference. For example, I just encrypted a 3712KB file using 2048 bit RSA encryption, and the resulting encrypted file was 3794KB, hardly anything to worry about.
One thing you should know is that aysymmetric encryption such as used on PGP is orders of magnitude slower thatn symmetric key, which is why PGP is usually used to send/receive text, or exchange keys for a symmetric algorithm. Both methods are considered to be generally very secure, with the weak point usually being the user or the computer the data was encrypted on. A brute force attack on either (assuming a good key was used (i.e. randomly generated)) would be a waste of time.