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Harmonics Issues on a Spray Booth at Body Shop?

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eamesyi

Electrical
May 9, 2014
2
Hi fellas,

My company has had some problems with a spray booth we installed in a body shop awhile ago (7.5kW motors for intake/extraction fans(x2) supplied by VSDs, gas burner, PLCs, small 3-phase motor for an air compressor, a couple spot welders, pressure washer and normal shop tools, lights, etc.) The spray booth has been installed exactly as every other spray booth we have sold has and uses the same components, and we haven't had problems before. The problems we are having are:

1. 2x failed VSDs (both internal fan failures) [We replaced both of them (at different times, within a month of each other and haven't had any problems with them since (about 1 month has passed]
2. 1x overloaded motor (tripping the circuit breaker) [Replaced with a new motor and everything worked fine. We tested the problem motor, but nothing was out of the ordinary]
3. Operation drop outs consistent with communication interruptions (eg. countdown timer display on the HMI touchscreen stops, starts and jumps, but the timer continues to accurately countdown until it starts going negative at the end. This is during a cool down cycle and prevents the booth from exiting this cycle.
4. The PLC had a failure of one of its output pins that turned on the motor. Replaced PLC and everything is working correctly.

In general as we've replaced the problem components everything would work perfectly for a few weeks to a month before we'd begin having more problems. This has been going on for 5 months now.

The environmental conditions worth noting beyond the energy consuming tools listed above are:
1. the fact that there is a wash bay right next to (less than 5 meters from the control panel and VSDs) and there is no physical segregation. The VSDs and control panel are not IP rated for that environment and is a major concern of mine. I have not seen the site, nor the spraying that they actually do, but the experienced electrician has seen it and doesn't think it is the problem.
2. The area is in central Queensland, Australia so it does get hot and we have just finished our summer (40 deg days are not unusual)
3. There is no separate instrument/comms earth and they join the main power feed at the control panel with a 6mm earth cable running 50m to the main DB (MEN connection) which then runs out to the earth stake.

I've attached the data from the data logging instrument we used to see if there was any harmonic issues. I have no idea how to read the report and would really appreciate some input to see if we can rule out system harmonics as the cause of the problems.

 
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Based on that report you don't have any outrageously bad harmonic problems. Sure there is some harmonic distortion to the voltage, but that could easily be the 'flat-topping' of the wave form which happens when a lot of rectifier loads are connected.

Your problems with the VSD sound more like they're environment-related. High ambient temperature is never a friend of power electronics like VFDs. Do you have dust or fine spray which could seize or wear the drive fan bearings? We adopted fans with ceramic bearings in an application with dust problems; fan failures stopped happening. The comms problems could be down to the installation, or perhaps the cable routing, or something electrically noisy nearby, or numerous other things. It can be really tricky trying to pin down the source! The earth arrangement sounds poor, and the use of an earth rod doesn't improve my confidence especially in a hot location. Do you ever test your earth electrode and the earth system?
 
Any correlation between failures and electrical storms?

Bill
--------------------
"Why not the best?"
Jimmy Carter
 
Thanks for the response guys.

To answer your questions:

Scotty - No dust or fine spray seized the drive fan bearings. We inspected for it and saw no evidence to support that idea. We also replaced the fans only from a new drive and the fans still didn't work.
We haven't tested the earth electrode yet, but I agree the earthing arrangement is very poor.

Bill - no correlation that can be determined. I'll keep track of electrical storms for the future though.

At this point I have ruled out harmonics as the issue and have put it down to a tough environment. The body shop is less than 1km from the beach and the washdown bay that sits next to it is for washing cars that I am sure have lots of salt and dirt on it. A constant barrage of fine water mist, dirt, salt and hot humid conditions are probably putting a strain on the equipment in general. I also found out an undersized VSD was used, which apparently has been standard practise at the sites in England with no problems, but maybe our environment is too harsh to run that type of setup. There may also be some installation errors and bad luck.

Any other thoughts would be appreciated. Thanks once again Scotty and Bill!
 
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