I would like to calculate the minimum thickness for the A36 circular hollow plate to withstand 2400 PSI pressure. Is there any classical formula to calculate the minimum thickness? Thanks
Formulas in Roark's Formulas for Stress and Strain.
You can approach this in a simplistic way as a plate with simply supported edge.
Or you could calculate edge moments and rotation/deflection in the cylinder as well, which should give you a little better idea of stresses in the welds.
With pressure that high, thickness or weld size may be unreasonable.
If this is part of a pressure vessel, use formulas and detailing from the pressure vessel codes.