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Safety Engineering said:Perhaps there is a need to design a Humvee with a rocket launcher attached. The reliability engineer could make a good case for installing launch switches all over the vehicle, making it very likely someone can reach one and launch the rocket. The safety engineer could make an equally compelling case for putting only two switches at opposite ends of the vehicle which must both be thrown to launch the rocket, thus ensuring the likelihood of an inadvertent launch was small. An additional irony is that it is unlikely that the two engineers can reconcile their differences, in which case a manager who does not understand the technology could choose one design over the other based on other criteria, like cost of manufacturing.
Leveson said:Safety and reliability are different properties. One does not imply nor require the other—a system can be reliable and unsafe or safe and unreliable. In some cases, the two system properties are conflicting, i.e., making the system safer may decrease reliability and enhancing reliability may decrease safety.