Tank Filling with high thermal gradients

[JGWagen]

Hello together,

at the moment i am evaulating the technical feasibility of a storage tank cluster with quite harsh conditions. The design should only be evaluated in a test facility.

First, temperatures up to 500°C can occur.

What me concerns far more are the transient conditions during the tank filling process. Due to the design of the tank cluster, the liquid to store can be up to 200°C hotter/colder than the tank wall itself which would lead to high thermal gradients and therefore stress.

It seems that these conditions are not covered in API/ASME/EN (please correct me if im wrong).

The tank dimensions are around Diameter=3.6m and Height=12m

Do you have suggestions, how to further proceed? Is it foreseeable that such a design is too critical?

Thank you in adavance.

 

[Duwe6]

Add the hot material thru a sparging header kept away from the shell, and ensure that at the start of additions there is an adequate cover of cooler material above the sparger nozzles. Make some provision for rapid mixing of the hot and cool fluids; 'rolling nozzles' on sparger, recirc pump with a sparging ring below the hot mat'l sparger, etc.

 

[JGWagen]

Thank you for the input.
Are there some rule of thumbs, which maximum temperature gradient the wall and joints should see?
The mixing of cold and hot fluid seems and adequate strategy to mitigate this problem but this leads to a death volume in the tank. Therefore, it would be interesting to define the least necessary cooler fluid to avoid critical gradients.

 

[Duwe6]

Rule-of-Thumb for avoiding stress fatigue cracking is 200°C per 25mm of thickness per hour. Doesn't sound like that will be achievable for you.